Classical conditioning Test

Involves pairing of the conditioned stimulus (cs) and the conditioned (USC); the greater the number of pairings the stronger the conditioned response.

A stimulus that automatically triggers a response. (The water being sprayed on Shawn)

The naturally occurring response to the USC. (Shawn flinching)

A stimulus that has come to elicit a conditioned response.

(The word "can" being said everytime he hits him with water)

Learned response to the previously neutral stimulus. (Shawn flinching)

Occurs when a cr results from stimuli that are similar to the cs, even though these stimulus may never been associated with the USC. (The word "car" that sounds like "can")

Occurs when stimuli similar to the cs do not result in a cr (how Shawn didn't flinch to the other words being said)

Procedure that leads to the gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of the cr (behavior disappearing)

Occurs when a previously extinguished cr suddenly appears after a period of no training (flinching at the word "can" comes back)

a stimulus that initially produces no response other than focusing attention

A Russian physiologist primarily known for his work in classical conditioning.

An american Psychologist. Known for his work in the "Little Albert" experiment

An American psychologist who was noted for his work in taste aversion

technique whereby successive approximations of behavior are reinforced.

Ex) Teaching a dog to catch a frisbee

Organism is required to perform several different behaviors in sequence before receiving the reinforcement Ex) using a vending machine

Occurs when a behavior is followed by a desired stimulus. Ex) A child picks up a toy and is given a praise

Occurs when a behavior prevents or removes an aversive stimulus. Ex) A child cleans his room, and his mother stops yelling

Occurs when a behavior is followed by an aversive stimulus Ex) After scratching a couch, a cat is sprayed with water

Occurs when an appetitive stimulus is prevented or removed following a behavior. Ex) if child grabs her toy from her sibling, her mother denies her access to the TV

stimuli that we biologically relevant to organisms and are capable of increasing the probability of organisms behaviors towards them Ex) Water/ Food.

...Treat given to a dog

Has taken on the reinforcing properties of a primary reinforce by being associated with it. Ex) money.

..tokens earned for good behavior

a target behavior is reinforced each and every time it is exhibited. Every time your dog doesnt bark at the mailman, give him a treat

There must be a fixed number of target responses before reinforcement is given. Ex) Buy 10, get 1 free

The number of target responses required for reinforcement varies around some average. Ex) Buying lottery tickets

The first target response after a fixed interval of time has passes is reinforced.

Ex) Making Toast

Reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals. Ex) Checking your cell for text messages

Learning in the absence of apparent reinforcement;Edward Tolman; Ex) Rats given the opportunity to explore a maze will develop a mental map even where there is no reinforcement nor motivation for learning. Later, when reinforcement is available, rats that had the opportunity to explore the maze performed better than those that did not.

Learning that takes place by watching another individual model for learning task. Ex) A child watches his older brother always hit his toys, so the child dos it also.

American psychologist who founded that reinforcemtplays a huge role in operant conditioning

A psychologist who found observational learning and the social learning theory