AP Psychology: Module 6/ Learning

the initial learning of the connection between the unconditioned and conditioned stimulus when they are paired

the use of operant conditioning principles to change human behavior

learning that occurs when an organism makes a connection, or an association, between two events

a form of treatment that consists of repeated pairing of a stimulus with a very unpleasant stimulus

an organism's earning that it can altogether avoid a negative stimulus by making a particular response

a theory of learning that focuses solely on observable behaviors, discounting the importance of mental activity such as thinking, wishing, and hoping

learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an innately meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response

the learned response to the conditioned stimulus that occurs after conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus pairing

a previously neutral stimulus that eventually elicits a conditioned response after being paired with the unconditioned stimulus

a classical conditioning procedure for changing the relationship between a conditioned stimulus and its conditioned response

the process of learning to respond to certain stimuli and not others

responding appropriately to stimuli that signal that a behavior will or will not be reinforced

the weakening of the conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus is absent

decreases in the frequency of a behavior when the behavior is no longer reinforced

the tendency of a new stimulus that's similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that's similar to the conditioned response

performing a reinforced behavior in a different situation

decreased responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated presentations

a form of problem solving in which the organism develops a sudden insight into or understanding of a problem's solution

the tendency of animals to revert to instinctive behavior that interferes with learning

unreinforced learning that's not immediately reflected in behavior

Thorndike's law stating that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are strengthened sand that behaviors followed by negative outcomes are weakened

an organism's learning through experience with negative stimuli that it has no control over negative outcomes

a systematic, relatively permanent change In behavior that occurs through experience

the removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to DECREASE the frequency of that behavior

the removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to INCREASE the frequency of that behavior

learning that occurs through observing and imitating another's behavior

a form of associative learning in which the consequences of a behavior change the probability of the behavior's occurrence

the presentation of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to DECREASE the frequency of that behavior

the presentation of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to INCREASE the frequency of that behavior

the species-specific biological predisposition to learn in certain ways but not others

a reinforcer that's innately satisfying; one that doesn't take any learning on the organism's part to make it pleasurable

a consequence that decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur

the process by which a stimulus or event following a particular behavior increases the probability that the behavior will happen again

the recovery of the conditioned response when the organism is placed in a novel context

specific patterns that determine when a behavior will be reinforced

a reinforcer that acquires a its positive value through an organism's experience

rewarding successive approximations of a desired behavior

the process in classical conditioning by which a conditioned response can recur after a time delay, without further conditioning

an unlearned reaction that's automatically elicited by the unconditioned stimulus

a stimulus that produces a response without prior learning