World History Midterm

The spread of ideas or products from one culture to another.

A hilltop fortress above a Greek city on which temples were built. High city.

Government ruled by a king or queen, rule is hereditary

A government ruled by a small group of privileged upper class (ie. wealthy landowners)

A form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of a few people (ie. military or wealthy)

Decisions are made by the people themselves rather than by elected representatives

Period of time following the Perisan Wars when Greek Culture/ Civilization was strong. Ruled by Pericles. Athens is rebuilt and Democracy is developed and practiced.

Worshipping or believing in more than one god

Believing that there is only one god

A result of the conquests of Alexander the Great. A blend of Greek culture with Eastern cultures: Egyptian, Persian and Indian

Seeker of wisdom or enlightenment. Often challenge traditionally held views of society.

Form of government with elected leaders who were to work for the interest of the people.

A large territory in which several groups of people are ruled by a single ruler or government which continually expands its borders through the conquering of other lands.

Laws that confirm the right of all free citizens to protection of the law; became the basis for Roman laws

Government in which an individual seized power by force.

Member of the 1st Triumvirate. Senate feared his power and popularity among the poor. His death led to the fall of the Roman Republic.

Member of the 2nd Triumvirate. Declared himself the first Emperor of Rome. He initiated major reforms in Rome and began the Pax Romana.

Time of peace and prosperity in Rome.

Monotheistic religion. Founded by Jesus. Believe that God has sent Jesus as a Messiah.

Moved the capital of the Roman Empire to Byzantium. Allowed Christians to worship freely in Rome.

referring to the art of Greece and Rome, emphasized harmony, order, and proportion

Roman law collected and organized by the Byzantine Emperor, lasted for over 900 years

Debate between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church concerning the use of icons in the Church

groups that wander in search of their food and water

system by which family descent and inheritance rights are traced through the mother

reasons that cause people to leave their homeland and migrate to another location

the founder of Islam, considered the final messenger of Allah

a monotheistic religion that developed in Arabia in 7th century C.E. Founded by Muhammad. Submission to the will of god.

one who practices Islam

the main beliefs of Islam (prayer, fasting, pilgrimage, almsgiving, & declaration of faith)

The holy book of the Islamic faith which holds the teachings of the prophet Muhammad.

Islamic law which regulates all aspects of Muslim life. Is based on the Qur'an and sayings of Prophet Muhammad.

An Islamic sect which holds the belief that any follower of the teachings of Muhammad can be a successor of the prophet.

An Islamic sect which holds the belief that the caliph or successor of Muhammad should be chosen from the family of the prophet.

The geographical and cultural area which extends throughout Central Mexico.

The body of religious Hindu texts and hymns that originated from Ancient India.

A social structure of India in which classes are determined by heredity and justified by religious beliefs.

Predominant religion of India which is based on the belief of reincarnation as the path to achieving peace and understanding.

The rebirth of a soul into a new body or form.

The Buddhist and Hindu belief that the totality of the good and bad deeds performed by a person in life will determine his or her fate after death.

Asian philosophy. Founded by Siddharta Gautama. Based on the Four Noble Truths.

Suffering is universal. Suffering is caused by desire. To overcome suffering you must overcome desire. Follow the eightfold path.

Founder of Buddhism

Chinese philosophy. Founded by Confucius. Based on the Five Relationships.

The practice of awarding the most qualified candidate jobs in government.

Trade route that connected China and Europe

Chinese philosophy. Based on relationship with authority. Believed society needed strict government to impose order

Chinese philosophy. Based on relationship with self. Goal was to achieve 'Dao' or being one with nature

Chinese belief that an emperor's right to rule was divine but also dependent on the conduct of the ruler

Period of Japanese history based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Shoguns held power. Samurai's were warriors of great honor.