World History EOC Review

Greek city-states vs. the Persians. Persians wanted to control territory to expand their empire. 490-479 BC

Athens vs. Sparta for dominance in the Greek city-states. 431-404 BC

Roman wars to conquer western Mediterranean. 265-146 BC

Led by Genghis Khan, Empire from CHina to Russia, largest empire in history.

Christians in Spain led by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella pushed the Moors (Muslims out of Europe. 1492

Oliver Cromwell leads parliamentary forces to defeat King Charles, created republic but Cromwell becomes dictator. 1642-1651

Inequality in class systems (all three estates), abuses by the nobility and the king, state debt and high taxes, starving peasants from crop failures. Influenced by the Enlightenment and the American Revolution. 1789-1795

Napoleon crowned himself emperor in 1802 and began attempts to conquer Europe. Succeeded in conquering significant portions but was unable to conquer Russia. 1803-1815

Seeing the success of the American Revolution, many colonies began to break away from European mother countries.

Series of revolutions in 1917. Caused by widespread discontent in all classes of Russia, revolutionaries agitating for change, weak leadership by Czar Nicholas II, heavy losses in WWI, food and fuel shortages during WWI.

Consumer demands drives production. ex. US

Strong government planning and control of the production and distribution of goods and services. ex. China

Collective social control of production planned by group. ex. Switzerland

Production of just enough to live on, subsistence level agriculture. Use of trading instead of money. ex. some third world countries

Government controlled by its citizens

Government controls every aspect of public and private life.

King and or Queen have absolute power.

King and or Queen have limited power.

Ruler controls both religious and political affairs and is seen as divine.

Rule by a few, based on wealth.

Originated in India, believes in reincarnation, karma, believes Ganges River washes away all sin, and cow is considered sacred.

Buddha taught the 4 Noble Truths, the 8-Fold Path, and nirvana or bliss.

Monotheistic based on the teaching of Jesus out of the Torah, only the Old Testament.

Confucius taught relationships have obligations such as filial piety, love shown to parents, to get you to the Mandate of Heaven.

Muhammad, Five Pillars of Islam, pilgrimage to Mecca, use of the Quran.

Combination of Islamic and Hindu beliefs.

Terrorist Organization found be Osama bin Laden

Greek mathematician who studied density, levers, pulleys, and invented a screw water pump device

Christian philosopher whose thoughts influenced politics; believed that truth is known through faith and reason, people have right to challenge unjust laws.

English judge whose writing helped explained the common law and defined rights of individuals.

Independence leader in South America against the Spanish

Emperor of France who conquered much of Europe, sparking the Napoleonic Wars; his law code became foundation of many modern European laws.

Father of Chemistry

Began Protestant religion in Geneva; taught predestination, faith is key to salvation, strict moral code; established theocracy.

British Prime Minister during WWII

Proposed heliocentricity (Sun is center of solar system)

First woman to win Nobel Prize for radioactive studies

invented light bulb, phonograph, motion pictures

Discovered space and time are relative; contributed to the development of atomic bomb

Created a strong, centralized monarchy based on national unity and sharing powers between monarchy and Parliament; Golden Age of England, supported by arts

Greek geographer who showed that Earth was round and also calculated the circumference

Studied motion; telescope observations confirmed Copernican theory; tried and convicted of heresy by the Catholic Church

First female Prime Minister of India

Leader of Indian independence movements, non-violent resistance

Reformed USSR, leading to the election of non-Communistic governments in Eastern Europe and the dissolution of the Soviet Union

Creator of the first written law code in history

Enlightenment philosipher

Author of Declaration of Independence

Byzantine leader, Justinian Code of Laws

Believed people should be able to through over the government

First Prime Minister of Israel

Believed in separation of powers

Diseases are caused by germs, developed vaccines

Catholic Archbishop, spoke out against poverty