Why does McLuhan contend that media environments are "invisible"?
We are so immersed we don't notice them.
According to McLuhan, the phonetic alphabet inspired?
Linear thinking
McLuhan believed that the course of history was determined by changes in?
Modes of communication
"The medium is the message" suggests that?
The channel is more influential than the content it carries.
T or F: The phonetic alphabet transformed the world into a global village?
False
T or F: McLuhan was widely accepted academically, but failed to connect with popular thinking.
False
T or F: McLuhan held that we should focus attention on the everyday uses of technology.
True
Outline the principal characteristics of the five "ages" featured in McLuhan's history of humanity.
- 1st: Tribal Age -2nd: Literacy Age -3rd: Print Age -4th: Electric Age1850-1990 -5th: Digital Age 1990-today
Hall maintains that he wants to?
Unmask the power imbalances in society
Hall's main concern with corporate control of mass communication is that it
Prevents many stories from being told
Which of the following terms best describes the mental frameworks that social groups use make sense of the way that society works?
Ideology
T or F: Critical cultural scholars are dedicated to empowering those who are marginalized in society
True
T or F: Hall claims that survey research can be useful in explaining the power of media corporations over consumers.
False
T or F: Hall places less emphasis on rationality and more emphasis on resistance.
True
The overt expression or serious threat of physical force as part of a plot is called:
Dramatic Violence
Which of the following is not considered violent using Gerbner's index plan?
Verbal Abuse
To be defined as a heavy viewer, one must watch at least?
Four hours of television a day
Gerbner found that?
Over half of prime-time programs contain violence.
The term that describes the process of blurring, blending, and bending the opinions of heavy television viewers is?
Mainstreaming
T or F: Both light and heavy viewers overestimate the possibility that they will be the victims of violence in the near future.
True
According to Gerbner, which characters are most at risk in televised dramas? What are the consequences of his findings?
Older people, children, african americans, latinos.
Researchers who "map out" social discourses are called?
ethnographers
Pacanowsky argues that culture is not something an organization has, but
is something an organization is.
The interviewing layers of common meaning that underline what particular people say and do are referred to as
Thick description
Deetz' critical communication theory seeks?
to balance corporate and human interests
Above all else, managerialism prizes?
control
Through the process of consent, employees of a corporation ?
Accomplish he interests of management in the faculty attempt to fulfill their own interests
The enhance stakeholder participation, Deetz recommends that?
Quality information must be widely distributed.
The process through which a corporation suppresses potential conflict is called ?
Discursive Closure
T or F: Through the process of consent, most employees are richly rewarded for their loyalty.
False
Semiotics is concerned with anything...
That can stand for something else.
Barthers labeled the ideological baggage that signs can carry as ?
Connotation
A sign is?
Both a signifier and a signified
In Barthes' view, mythic signs typically?
Reinforce the dominant values of there culture
The basic unit of analysis for SCT is a ?
Fantasy Theme
Ernest Bormann's symbolic convergence theory has?
Interpretive roots and Objective roots
Fantasy themes are expressed in the form of?
Metaphors, jokes, and stories
According to Bormann, what is the relationship between fantasies and the development of a group's shared identity or consciousness?
Sharing fantasies causes the transformation
Rhetorical visions...
Catch on with large groups of people
Which of the following components is NOT a feature of a rhetorical vision?
Interpretive schemes
Barthers labeled the ideological baggage that signs can carry as ?