COGNITIVE VIEWS OF LEARNING

General approach that views learning as an active mental process of acquiring, remembering, and using knowledge

Information that is useful in many different kinds of tasks; information that applies to situations

System thatholds sensory information very briefly

The human minds activity of taking in, storing, and using information

Interpretation of sensory information

Perceiving based on noticing separate defining features and assembling then into a recognizable pattern

The information that you are focusing on at a given moment

A best example or best representative of a category

Perceiving based on the context and the patterns you expect to occur in that situation

Focus on a stimulus

The ability to perform throughly learned tasks without much effort.

Component of memory system that holds information for about 20 seconds

Part of working memory. A holding system for visual and spatial information

The weakening and fading of memories with the passage of time

Permanent store of knowledge

Grouping individual bits of data into meaningful larger units

Keeping information in working memory by repeating it to yourself

Schema or expected plan for the ssequence of steps in a common event such as buying groceries or ordering take-out pizza

Clear, vivid memories of emotuonally important events in your life

Activating a concept in memory or the spread of activation from one concept to another

Long-term memory for how to do things

The physical or emotional backdrop associated with an event

Theory that recall of information is based on how deeply it is processed

Process of searching for and finding information in long-term memory

Recreating information by using memories, expectations, logic, and existing knowledge

The process that occurs when remembering certain information is hampered by the presence of other information

techniques for remembering; also the art of memory

technique of associating items with specific places

Systems of associating items with cue words

Technique for remembering names, phrases, or steps by using the first letter of each word to form a new, memorableword

Memory strategies that associate one element in a series with the next element

System of associating new words or concepts withsimilar-sounding cue words and images

Practice for a single extended period

Practice in brief periods with rest intervals

Breaking a list of rote learning items into shorter lists

Skills that are applied without serious thought

Remembering information by repetition without necessary understanding the meaning of the information

The tendency to remember the beginning and the end but not the middle of a list

Practice for a single extended period

Consciously applied skills to reach goals in a particular subject or problem area