virtual representation
every member of parliament represented all their british subjects
republicanism
a just society in which all citizens willingly subordinated their private, selfish interests to the common good
radical whigs
a group of british politicla commentators, made attacks on the use of patronage and bribes by the king's ministers. they warned citizens to be on guard for possible corruption
mercantilism
the colonial economy is carefully controlled to serve the mother country needs
navigation law of 1650
states that all goods flowing to the from the colonies could only be transported in biritish vessels. aimed to hurt rival dutch shippers
navigation laws of 1763
obtained by grenville, the british navy began enforcing the navigation laws of 1650
sugar act of 1764
the first law passed by parliament to raise tax revenue in the colonies for england. it increased the tax on foreign sugan imported from the west indies
quartering act of 1765
required certain colonies to provide food and housing to british troops
stamp act of 1765
secured by grenville, it imposed a stamp tax on the colonies to raise revenues to support the new military force. this stamp tax mandated the use of stamped paper or the affixing of stamps to be taxed
stamp act congress of 1765
met in nyc to draw up a statement of colonial rights and grievances, and beseeched the king. step towards intercolonial unity. repealed in 1766
nonimportation agreements
agreements made not to import from british goods (boycott) that were a stride towards unionism
sons and daughters of liberty
enforced nonimportation agreements, ie tar and feathering
declaratory act
reaffirmed parliaments right to bind the colonies in all cases whatsoever
townshend acts of 1767
light import tax on glass, white lead, paper, paint, and tes.
boston massacre of 1770
60 townspeople attacked 10 redcoats, redcoats open fired
samuel adams
master propagandist and engineer of rebellion. formed the first committee of correspondence in ma in 1772
committees of correspondence
created by samuel adams, created by american colonies in order to maintain communication with one another.each colonial legislature appointed a standing committee
tea act of 1773
the british east india company was overstocked with unsold tea, so the london government gave the company a full monopoly of the tea to sell in america. americans rejected the tea fearing that is was a trick to pay more taxes
boston tea party of 1773
thomas hutchinson, the governor of ma forced the citizens to unload their tea. a band of colonists boarded the ships and dumped the tea
intolerable acts of 1774
meant to punish ma, parliament passed laws that restricted colonists rights, town meetings, and stated that officials who killed colonists would be sent to trial in england
boston port act of 1774
an intolerable act, it closed the boston harbor until damages were paid and order could be ensured
quebec act of 1774
gave catholic french canadians religious freedom and restored the french form of civil law, nullifying many of the western claims by extending the boundaries of the province of quebec to the ohio river
the first continental congress of 1774
met in philadelphia to redress colonial grievances over the intolerable acts, not a legislative body, rather a consultative body. drew up the declaration of rights, created the association
the association
most important outcome of the first continental congress, it called for a complete boycott of british goods; nonimportation, nonexportation, and nonconsumption
lexington massacre of 1775
troops went to lexington to seize provisions of colonial gunpowder and capture samuel adams and john hancock. 8 colonists were shot and killed
concord
american resistance from lexington which led to the american revolution