World History – Patterns of Interaction Chapter 1

An artifcats are human-made object which was found by Archaeologists, that helps us learn about the past civilization. These objects can vary from tools to jewelry, which were used for survival and decoration. Different artifacts from around the world give us a vision of how culture took place during the beginnings of mankind.

Culture is a way of life that everybody takes in as in his or her everyday existence. it developed over years of practice, which can be found from any civilization. It gives us an image of what they worshiped

Homo erectus applied knowledge, their tools, and inventions to meet their needs of life. This originated from East Africa about 1.6 million years ago. They did this to help make life easier and tasks almost effortless.

Many people moved from place to place around their regions for tens and thousands of years. They were called nomads. They roamed the lands in searched of an area that was eligible for them to grow foods. Nomads moved out after the seasonal weather was not appropriate for growing and gathering food.

10,00 years ago, In the Neolithic Revolution, bands of people (around 25 to 70) started to settle into one area and grew crops as their main source of food. Scientists assumed that a change in climate was the cause. This was also known as agricultural revolution.

During the Neolithic Revolution, many had to clear the trees that laid in their paths. Thus, the slash-and-burn farming was invented. Farmers burned lands to remove the trees that were in their fields. The ashes that were left over fertilized the soil. they stayed for about a years or two, then moved into a new area.

Stone Age hunters liked to tame animals as a source of food. This gave them an advantage of what they had. Domestication was also a solution to maintain the population of certain animals.

Specialization is developing skills in a special kind of work such as trading or record keeping. Specialization was needed when cities grew. This took place in many large civilization that were just starting out. Many people who specialized in a speciafic kind of skill, became artisans

Artisans are skilled workers who make their goods by hand. Many who have specialized in a certain skill have the experience of making better tools and weapons. Different kinds crafts helped cities become the center of trade.

Many realized that cities need laws because without it, it would be impossible to keep an organized city. Religion was the formal institution. Many cities had temples that were lead by priests, which soon became as the city's economic center.

Trading without money is called barter. Coins were not yet invented but the merchants living there roughly know the equivalent amount of grains that would be worth the merchandise. Complicated trades required scribes that shows how much grains or barely was needed to make an even trade.

Scribes kept personal records that were written in cuneiform. Government officials documented tax collections, storage of grain, and passage of laws. People needed to keep track of days and important rituals.

Nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods are called hunter-gatherers. Prehistoric hunter-gathereds, such as roving bands of Cro-Magnons, increased their food supply by inventing tools.