US History Reconstruction – Present

Idea of the 19th century that the United States should expand across the continent

Railroad that linked the east and west coast of the United States

It revolutionized transportation with a easy 6 day trip instead of a dangerous 6 month trip It unified the continent

People who traveled to the Mid-West to become a farmer through the Homestead Act

Houses in the Mid-West made out of dirt, mud, and sod

1876 battle in which the Sioux defeated General Custer and the U.S. Army troops

1890 confrontation between the U.S. cavalry and the Sioux that marked the end of the Indian resistance. The U.S. Army arrested Sitting Bull for starting the "Ghost Dance" phinamonan. All the Indians that tried to flee were killed and the "Ghost Dance stopped

One of the Sioux leaders, along with Crazy Horse, who planned to drive out the Americans at the Battle of Little Big Horn.

The leader of the Sioux, along with Sitting Bull, who planned the Little Big Horn attack. He was arrested and stabbed in prison

Each Indian family gets 160 acres of farmstead instead of living on a reservation

The idea that Native Americans could be "absorbed" into U.S. culture

Specific areas set aside by the government for the Indians to use

1864 incident in which Colorado militia killed a camp of Cheyenne and Arapahu Indians

The Nez Perces leader who attempted to lead a group of Nez Perces refugees to Canada. He was stopped and forced to beg for mercy in Washington

Land granted by the government instead of money for railroad workers in return for their service

vast area of grassland on which livestock roamed and grazed

1862 law that gave 160 acres of land to citizens willing to create a road from their house to the main road, dig a well, and live on it for 5 years

African Americans who migrated from the South to the West after the Civil War

Self-appointed law enforcer

Bring the South back into the Union after the Civil War

A federal agency designed to aid freed slaves and relieve the South's immediate needs

The Vice President to Abraham Lincoln, President after he was assassinated

1865 constitutional amendment that abolished slavery

1868 constitutional amendment which defined citizenship and guaranteed citizens equal protection under law

1870 constitutional amendment that guaranteed voting rights regardless of race or previous condition of servitude

Members of Congress that favored the punishment of the South and the freedom of slaves

The act of bringing charges against an official in order to determine whether he/she should be removed from office

Organization that promotes hatred and discrimination against specific ethnic and religious groups

segregation imposed by law

Northern adventurers who came to the South during the Reconstruction

Southern white farmers who wanted improved economic position during the Reconstruction

Rules for African Americans living in the South

Federal troops would be removed from Lousiana, Florida, and South Carolina if they vote for Rutherford B Hayes as President

Slavery was abolished South rejoined the Union

Segregation

War fought from 1861 - 1865 between the North and the South over ending slavery

A term used for former African American slaves

Abraham Lincoln's plan for the South to rejoin: Pardons all Confederate government As soon as 10% of the Southern states rejoin the Union, they can send senators and representatives to Washington

Radical Republican who wanted to make African Americans equal to whites

July 30th, 1866 - 40 members (African American) of Political Convention were murdered by ex-Confederate Soldiers

The President after Johnson

System in which a farmer tended a portion of a planter's land in return for a share of the crop

A tax for African Americans on voting

A test that had to be passed in order for on to vote

Republican President after Grant

Person who invests money in a product or business with the goal of making a profit

Tax on imported goods making the price high enough to protect domestic goods from foreign competition

The absence of government control over private business

Official right given by the government to an inventor for the exclusive right to develop, use, and sell an invention for a set period of time

The inventor of the light bulb

Method developed in the mid-1800s for the making of steel more efficiently

Bridges that have a railroad/railway suspended by cables

Any of the 24 longitudinal areas of the world within which the same time is used

Production of goods in large numbers through the use of machinery and assembly lines

A group ownership over a business

Complete control over a product

Associations of producers of a good or service that prices and controls stock in order to monopolize a market

Oil tycoon, used horizontal integration, world first billionare, Philantrophist

systems of consolidating many firms in the same business The company lowers the price of their good to put other companies out of business, then the company raises up their prices

A group of separate companies that are placed under the control of a single managing board in order to form a monopoly

Steel Tycoon, Industrialist, Philantrophist

Systems of consolidating firms involved in all steps of a product's manufacture The company buys every step in manufacturing their product so they make more money

The belief held by some in the late 19th century that certain nation's and races were superior to others and therefore destined to rule over them

Interstate Commerce Commission. First federal agency monitoring business operation, created in 1887 to over see interstate railroad producers

1890 law banning any trust that restrained interstate trade or commerce

1892 strike against Carnagie's steelworks in Homestead, PA

Natural Resources, Immigration, Capitalism, Government Policy, Innovation

Telegraph - 1844 Sewing Machine - 1846 Safety Elevators - 1852 Light Bulbs - 1880 Steam Boiler Furnace - 1884

Workers who band together to try and improve working conditions

Organized work stoppage by workers

Leaders in the Business Industry who helped American become a super power

Someone who would do anything, ethical or unethical, to make money for themselves

Political, Military, and Economic domination of strong nations over weaker territories

Economy in a colony where the colonizing country removed raw materials and shipped them back home to benefit its own economy

A Naval officer and historian, wrote that the greatest nations have the most powerful Navies

A historian who stressed the importance of frontiers in American history

The commander who sailed into modern day Tokyo bay, Japan. The ports were closed to other countries but Perry won the Emperor with expensive gifts

The last queen of Hawaii before the U.S. annexed it

The Cuban patriot who launched a war of independence from Spain

A newspaper publisher who heightened the public dislike of the Spanish government in Cuba

Newspapers that used sensational headlines and exaggerated stories in order to promote readership. They were called the Yellow Press because they featured a cartoon called the yellow kid

Aggressive Nationalism

The leader of Filipino nationalist who were trying to rid their country of Spanish government

Groups of men, consisting of rugged westerners and upper class easterners who fought during the Spanish American war

An agreement signed by the United States and Spain in 1898, which officially ended the Spanish American War

An American warship sent to Cuba to monitor Cuban affairs, the ship ended up exploding

A war fought between Spain and the United States over Cuba and the Philippines from April - August of 1898

Rebellion

Form of non-traditional warfare generally involving hit-and-run attacks by small bands of fighters

Governor of the Philippines in 1901 future President of the United States

A region dominated and controlled by an outside power

Violence started by members of a secret society in China, which prompted the governments of Europe and Asia to squash the rebellions

U.S. Secretary of state who issued notes to serve as a guiding principle of American foreign policy in Asia

A war between Russia and Japan in 1904 over the presence of Russian troops in Manchuria

Battleships sent by Teddy Roosevelt in 1907 on a "good will cruise" around the world

The U.S. captured Aguinaldo The U.S. had a greater army than the Philippines

Missionary Diplomacy, Social Darwinism, Imperialism, Manifest Destiny

Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines, Cuba

Extractive Economies, Military, Social Darwinism

Imperialism, Nationalism, Militarism, Alliance System

Static, defensive strategy, with little movement either way by opposing forces

Mixed ethnicities, Various public opinion, U.S. job to be mediator

Germany was being reckless with their submarines by sinking any ship from any country for no reason

Believed that the war was none of America's business and that the nation should isolate itself from the hostilities

Felt that the war did affect American interests and that the U.S. should intervene in the conflict on the side of the Allies

Believed that the U.S. should play an active role in world affairs and work toward achieving peace without entering the war

Germans attacking the Lusitania, Zimmermann Note, Unrestricted Submarine Warfare, Destruction of U.S. factories

We were supplying the Allies with military supplies, Germany was protecting their interests

American Expeditionary Forces, About 4 million American men who fought in WWI with the Allies

Created in 1917 to urge companies to be more efficient and mass-produce

Created in 1917 to popularize the war with propaganda

List of terms for resolving WWI created by President Wilson, including the idea for the League of Nations

World organization established after WWI to promote peaceful cooperations between countries