The source of a fundamental characteristic of Western civilization--the call for rational inquiry-- was a philosohper of
Greece
The epic poem the Iliad, which recounts the prowess and anger of Achilles, was composed by
Homer
The best-excavated and best-known Minoan palace on the island of Crete is
Knossos
The minoan civilization
had artists who often painted frescoes featuring religious rituals.
The epics of Homer are set in the period of Greek history called the
Dark Ages
Which of the following was Not a reusult of the widespread violence and movement of peoples in the eastern Mediterranean around 1200 B.C.E.
the establishment of democracy at Athens
The Greek Dark Ages commenced when
The Mycenaean culture collapsed
A major occurence at the end of the Greek Dark Ages and the beginning of classic Greek civilization was the
spread of Greek colonies over much of the Mediterranean and Black Sea shorelines.
Although the Greeks learned many things from earlier civilizations, the philosohper Plato said the
Greeks turned those things into something finer
The oracle at Delphi reputedly received messages from the god
Apollo
The Greek invention of philosophy, or the search for knowledge, involved the idea that
the world and the cosmos were accessible to human reason and based on natural laws
Whcih of the following was NOt one of the early Greek philosophers or scientists?
Gilgamesh
Which of the following was Not a result of the expansion of Greek trade around 700 B.C.E.?
Kings strengthened their absolute power by controlling the expanded wealth.
Tyrant was the name given to
a king who rules in a cruel manner
The normal term use to characterize the Greek city-state is
polis.
Respectable Athenian women
tended to stay within the home, presiding over spinning and weaving.
the purpose of Solon's reforms was to
open participation in gobernment to the newly wealthy.
The Greek political reformer Cleisthenes
established an Athenian constitution with many democratic features.
Athenian democracy differed from the modern democracy in many ways, with several groups excluded. Which of the following was NOT excluded?
the poor
The Greek polis known for its emphasis on military trainning was
Sparta.
Sparta developed a strict military state and society in roder to
keep their conquered people, or helots, in subjection and slavery
Spartan society
gave women considerably more public freedom than other city-states, including athletic training
Which of the following is NOT true of the Olympic Games?
Men and women could compete together in some events.
Which of the following Persian War battles was a Persian, rather than Greek, victory?
Thermopylae
The great historian of the Persian Wars, justifiably known as the "Father History." was
Herodotus
The Delian League, a maritime union organized to defend the Aegean against Persia, soon became a(n) _____ empire.
Athenian
The major leader of Athenian democracy after the Persian Wars was
Pericles
The Theban Plays of Sophocles are an illustration that the great Athenian playwrights
tried to explore complex moral problems
Accordsing to Thucydides, the Peloponnesian War was caused by
Sparta's fear of Athens's growing power
The historian who wrote about the Peloponnesian War was
Thucydides
Which of the following was NOT an advantage for Athens in the war with Sparta?
the best land army in Greece
The text describes Alcibiades as
a man seen at times as hero, militiray genius, and traitor
Socrates believed that
true wisdom lies in the endless search for knowledge
The Greek philosopher who argued that the world of the senses was only a shadow of ultimate reality was
Plato
Unlike Plato, Aristotle
argued that one had to observer and study actual entities rather than seek out ideal forms.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the comedies of Aristophanes?
the exaltation of military values
The tragedies of Euripides
asked Athenians to reflect on their own actions during the Peloponnesian War
Hippocrates, considered the father of modern Western medicine, taught that
all diseases have natural causes that can be discovered by observation
During the half century following the Peloponnesian War,
constant warefare among the poleis weakened Greeces politically and culturally
The period of ancient Greek history that began with Alexander's conquest of Persia is called
Hellenistic
Evidence suggests that during the Hellenistic period, as compared to the classical, Greek women
were free from family authority and could work and earn money.
Macedonia
was a Greek-speaking kingdom north of Greece
The southern Greek states, the self-described "civilized" Greeks, regarded the Macedonians as
backward because they did not have the political life of the city-states
Demosthenes opposed the expansion of Macedonia under Philip II because
Philip threatened the traditional freedom and self-government of the poleis
The southern Greek states were defeated by Philip II at the battle of
Chaeronea
Philip II dreamed of conquesring Persia but did not do so, because
he was assassinated un der circumstances that have never been clearly explained
Alexdaner's love of Greek culture and literature seems to have come from this tutor
Aristotle
In which country was the greatest of many cityies Alexander founded?
Egypt
In Egypt, Alexander
was declared the incarnation of the god Amon, and treated as pharaoh
In order to consolidate his authority in Greece, Alexander
publicly identified himself with the legendary Greek heroes, Heracles and Achilles
Which of the following policies did Alexander NOT follow in his imperial rule?
destroying all conquered cities to obliterate non-Greek culture
In 323 B.C.E., Alexander died in Babylon
from alcohol abuse and fever
Alexander turned back from his quest for the end of the known world because
his Macedonian troops refused to go on.
Following Alexander's death, his empire
was divided into three main successor kingdoms
The Alexandrian successor kingdom ruled over his general Ptolemy and Ptolemy's successsors was
Egypt
The Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt
conducted their offical business in Greek, while permitting traditional Egyptian culture to continue.
The monument at Alexandria regarded as one of the seven woders of the ancient world was
the lighthouse, or Pharos
The Rosetta Stone was important because it
was written in three scripts: Greek, cursive Egyptian, and hieroglyphs, permitting the translation of the Egyptian language.
The Seleucid dynasty ruled
the Asian part of Alexander's empire
The Hellenistic monarchy of the Seleucids
had as its economic basis control of Middle Eastern trade routes to the Mediterranean
The Antigonids ruled
Macedonia
Which of the the folllowing was NOT a change experienced by the Greek poleis in the Hellenistic age?
The common citizens reeasserted control of the governments, making them more democratic.
Which of the following was NOT true of the increasingly diverse Hellenistic World?
There was a growing Chinese influence, especially in the Antigonid kingdom of Macedonia.
During the Hellenistic period, slavery
increased in number
The ruling class of the Hellenistic monarchies was made of the
Greeks/Macedonians, and those educated in Greek language and culture
During the Hellenistic period, women
were allowed free access to economic and cultural professions
A good example of a Hellenistic royal city in both its planning and in its art is
Pergamum
A major difference between "classical" Greek art and the art of the Hellenistic era was
The tendency towards realistic rather than idealistic portayal in sculpture
The Maccabees led a Jewish revolt against King ANtiochus IV because he
attempted to Hellenize the Jews, and violated the Temple with an altar to Zeus
Greek schools of the Hellenistic era
emphasized Homer as the primary literary text
Hellenistic "New Comedy" plays generally contained
romantic stories about the problems of everyday people
The Hellenistic school of philosophy that advocated the rejection of the goods of this world in order to achieve happiness was that of the
Cynics
Although differing in approaches to life, the Hellenistic philosophies of Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Cynicism had many things in common. Which was the following was NOT shared by them?
They argued for an increased participation in the life of the polis
Which was the following was NOT a characteristic of the mystery religions?
Ceremonies were led by the civic leaders so the gods would protect the polis
Hellenistic science
made important advances in mathematics and astronomy
