Educational Psychology chapter 8: Cognitive Views of Learning

A general approach that views learning as an active mental process of acquiring, remembering, and using knowledge.

The interdisciplinary study of thinking, language, intelligence, knowledge creation, and the brain.

Areas of the brain that activate both during perception of an action by watching someone else do the action, and when performing the action themselves.

Information that is useful in a particular situation or that applies mainly to one specific topic.

Information that is useful in many different kinds of tasks; information that applies to many situations.

The human mind's activity of taking in, storing, and using information.

The process of detecting a stimulus and assigning meaning to it. Based on both physical representations from the world and our existing knowledge.

System that holds sensory information very briefly. Lasts less than 3 seconds. Capacity is very large.

Perceiving based on noticing separate defining features and assembling them into a recognizable pattern. Also called data-driven.

Making sense of information by using context and what we already know about the situation; sometimes called conceptually driven perception.

German for pattern or whole. Gestalt theorists hold that people organize their perceptions into coherent wholes.

Focus on a stimulus. Involved in all three memory processes: Sensory Memory, Long-Term Memory, and Working Memory.

The ability to perform thoroughly learned tasks without much mental effort.

the information that you are focusing on at a given moment.

Switching back and forth from one task to another, but focus on only one at a time.

There is overlapping focus on several tasks at a time. (talking on phone while driving)

Component of memory system that holds information for about 20 seconds.

1. Central executive. 2.

Phonological loop. 3. Visuospatial sketchpad. 4. Episodic buffer.

Declarative (know what to do) Procedural (know how) Conditioning (know when and why to apply which type of knowledge)