Conny the worst teacher in the world study guide

The time or period before recorded or written history.

stared after farming was first invented and ended after the invention of bronze

Specialized workers, record keeping, adv. technology, adv. cities, complex institutions.

Ur was a flourishing urban civilization. People in Ur lived in well-defined social classes. Rulers, as well as priest sand priestesses, wielded great power. Wealthy merchants profited from foreign trade. Artists and artisans created lavish jewelry, musical instruments, and gold daggers. Woolley's finds have enabled historians to reconstruct Ur's advanced culture.

rapids along a river, such as those along the Nile in Egypt

steep, often jagged cliffs

From the highlands of east Africa to the Mediterranean Sea, the Nile River flows northward across Africa for over 4,100 miles, making it the longest river in the world. (See the map on page 36.) A thin ribbon of water in a parched desert land, the great river brings its water to Egypt from distant mountains, plateaus, and lakes in present-day Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Ethiopia.Egypt's settlements arose along the Nile on a narrow strip of land made fertile by the river. The change from fertile soil to desert—from the Black Land to the Red Land—was so abrupt that a person could stand with one foot in each.

developed in the fertile valley; Harrapa and Mohenjo-Daro were the most important cities Where Hinduism started It featured well- planned cities like Harappa and Mohjeno- Daro which had brick buildings

Tigris and Euphrates River Valleys (Southwest Asia) cuneiform, first written code, organization into city-states, and astronomy

The Shang King ruled from the capital city of Anyang. His kingdom was divided into different territories that were ruled by aristocratic warlords(military leaders). Although they were leaders of their land the King had the power to add and remove them whenever he chooses. The Chinese believed in supernatural forces so that they could talk to the Gods and receive help when needed.

located on the Nile, ruled by Pharaohs, pyramids, hieroglyphics, polytheistic religion

The first five books of Jewish Scripture, which they believe are by Moses, are called this

A binding agreement

The first time any religion only followed one god

the first of a series of invaders to sweep westward from the steppes of Russia and Ukraine

group of Indo-Europeans who are believed to have migrated to the Indian subcontinent

A religion native to India, featuring belief in many gods and reincarnation

the four major classes of society.

Becoming liberated for the cycle of reincarnation in Hinduism.

a state of perfect peace

A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life

the man who became Buddha Sakyamuni, "the enlightened one"

the most powerful traders along the Meditteranean following Crete's decline

an Indian religion based on the teachings of Mahavira that teaches all life is sacred

Hindu and Buddhist belief that souls are reborn into new bodies over and over.

A Chinese philosopher and teacher whose beliefs had a great influence on Chinese life

Founder of Daoism

Founder of Legalism.

Mountains and island led to diversity (Athens and Sparta were very different)

part of the Iranic people who speak the modern Persian language known as Farsi

Conflict between Athens and Sparta

Ancient Greek philosopher. Promoted introspection by saying, "Know thyself."

most popular Athenian leader who called Athens the "education of Greece"

Greek culture greek like

Rome when under a democratic government

A people who inhabited early italy

Any of the languages derived from Latin including Italian, Spanish, French, and Romanian.

200 year period of peace in Rome.

One of the European people's that spoke a Germanic language

Grandson of Chandragupta; leader who brought the Mauryan Empire to its greatest height

grassland belt on south edge of Sahara; point of exchange between south and north Africa

Forests in which large amounts of rain fall year-round.

grassy plains that stretch across Africa south of the Sahara

Masses of the Bantu People migrated southward

the attribution of a soul to plants, inanimate objects, and natural phenomena.

the religion of Muslims collectively which governs their civilization and way of life

A follower of Islam

The prophet and founder of Islam

Muslim group that accepts descendants of the Umayyads as rightful rulers of Muslims vs group of Muslims who believed the descendants of Ali should rule

the Five Basic Duties of all Muslims

Group of people that consisted of Abu-Bakr (first), Umar, Uthman, Ali

A supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government

commander of military forces

Class of warriors in feudal Japan who pledged loyalty to a noble in return for land.

A Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai

The Germanic invaders who stormed Rome could not read or write. Among Romans themselves, the level of learning sank sharply as more and more families left for rural areas. Few people except priests and other church officials were literate. Knowledge of Greek, long important in Roman culture, was almost lost. Few people could read Greek works of literature, science, and philosophy. The Germanic tribes, though, had a rich oral tradition of songs and legends. But they had no written language.

a confirmed bachelor who gets married

people of high rank, person granted land by a feudal lord in return for services, pieces of land given to vassals by their lord

the economic system of the Middle Ages

A ceremony in which kings and nobles appointed church officials

Duke of Normandy who invaded England in 1066 and claimed the English crown

a document that promised barons certain rights

religious wars

Early public health crisis 25-50% died of european population

Selling of church offices

A medieval organization of crafts workers or trades people.

Banishment from the church

prohibition

expansion of trade and business

farmers could grow crops on two-thirds of their land each year, not just half of it

led to wealth and empires in West Africal the muslim with salt gave the people of Mali,Ghana Songhai when they gave them gold

medieval West African trading empire located in present-day Mali

Mali's most famous ruler

Rebirth

a man of any period who has a broad range of intellectual interests

wrote a guide for rulers on how to gain and keep power

A movement for religious reform

Invented the printing press

Posted 95 Theses, opposing indulgences; began Protestant Reformation.

A pardon given by the Roman Catholic Church in return for repentance for sins

Document that helped start the protestant reformation

Explorer who discovered the Americas in 1492. Funded by Spanish royalty

The Spanish campaign declared victorious on August 13, 1521, when a coalition army of Spanish forces and native Tlaxcalan warriors led by Hernán Cortés and Xicotencatl the Younger captured the emperor Cuauhtemoc and Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire.

In 1530, Pizarro returned to Panama. In 1531, he sailed down to Peru, landing at Tumbes. He led his army up the Andes Mountains and on November 15, 1532, reached the Inca town of Cajamarca, where Atahuallpa was enjoying the hot springs in preparation for his march on Cuzco, the capital of his brother's kingdom.

Together the two controlled land, wealth, and power in the Spanish colonies. Below peninsulares and creoles came the mestizos, persons of mixed European and Indian ancestry. After, the mulattos, persons of mixed European and African ancestry and lastly in the society were the enslaved Africans.

belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.

The transatlantic slave trade was responsible for the forced migration of between 12 - 15 million people from Africa to the Western Hemisphere from the middle of the 15th century to the end of the 19th century.