Community test 3 practice questions

Vulnerable population groups are those that, in comparison with the population as a whole, have which of the following characteristics? A. Better access to health care services but poor health outcomes B. Greater likelihood of exposure to risk factors C. Multiple risk factors but equal health outcomes D. Few health conditions

To provide effective care and advocacy for individuals, families and populations living in poverty, nurses must first: A. Apply epidemiological principles for prevention B. Develop resource expertise in the community C. Examine their personal beliefs, values, and experiences D. Understand the federal criteria and guidelines for poverty

Which of the following best represents the concept of homelessness as crisis poverty? A. Man with chronic alcoholism and drug abuse living in a halfway house B. Recently unemployed man evicted from his apartment C. Teenager living on the streets and abusing drugs D. Woman with schizophrenia who is living in a shelter

An undocumented migrant farm worker, who can speak some English, has been diagnosed with TB. The local health department, using a Spanish translator, initiates tx by dispensing the first month's supply of medication and educates the client on the need to continue tx for 6-12m. A major challenge that client may face to ongoing tx for TB is: A. Affordable care B. Discrimination C. Fragmented services D. Language Barriers

A group of migrant farmworkers has arrived in a community. The local public health nurse realizes that an important step before scheduling clinic services is to: A. Consult the public health staff regarding their scheduling preferences B. Learn about the farmworkers' concept of time and their work schedule to determine when and how services can best be scheduled C. Review written materials about the farmworkers' culture of origin D. Visit the farmworker camp and tell the camp leaders when clinic services will be available.

A nurse is implementing a population-focused model of home care delivery. Which of the following actions would most likely be taken by the nurse? A. use an assessment protocol when conducting visits B. Collaborate with other disciplines C. Provide care for a specific population D. Apply high-intensity interventions

A nurse is coordinating care to ensure a comfortable and peaceful death. Which of the following factors should be an important consideration for the nurse? A. The unique stress dying patients often experience B. Cultural values, expectations, and preferences of the family C. The communication style of each family member D. The abilities of the nurse and health care team

A nurse has referred a home care client to hospice care. Which of the following best explains the rationale for this referral? A. To provide comfort and peace at a difficult time B. To reduce the cost of care for the terminally ill C. To keep clients at home until the end of life D. To provide care for terminally ill clients expected to live longer than 6 months

The nurse provides direct care services to a stroke victim to avoid complications. Which of the following levels of prevention is being implemented A. primary intervention B. secondary intervention C. tertiary intervention D. assessment

PHNs are challenged to respond to public health-related trends of the twenty-first century, which include: A. racial, ethnic, and economic health disparities; rise of drug-resistant pathogens; unequal access to health care; violence B. violence; availability of health care for all; and increasing life expectancy C. health disparities, access issues, and adequate mental health program funding D. rise of drug-resistant organisms, increased life-expectancy, societal violence, and more effective disease survelliance

State public health agency responsibilities include: A. conducting community health assessments B. enforcing public health codes C. monitoring health status D. Providing expertise that facilitates EBP

What is the goal of local public health departments? A. monitor communicable diseases B. improve health status of communities C. To offer services for the uninsured D. enforce environmental codes and laws

A PHN assists a client in identifying the services needed the most at the least cost. Which of the following best describes the role that the nurse is being used? A. Role Model B. Advocate C. Counselor D. Case manager

A PHN is working with uninsured individuals. Which of the following is the most-appropriate action for the nurse to take? A. providing direct care for this population in times of acute illness B. advocating for federal policy changes for this population C. Assisting this population to access necessary health care services D. Encouraging lifestyle changes for this population

A nurse is working in an occupational health setting. Which of the following roles will the nurse most likely have? A. Administrator B. Clinicians/practitioner C. Consultant D. Educator

The nurse is doing a walk-through to identify workplace hazards. Which of the following levels of prevention is being implemented? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Assessment

Secondary prevention in the occupational health arena may include: A. Providing education on safety in the workplace to prevent injury B. Working with chronically diabetic workers to ensure appropriate medication C. Screening for hearing loss resulting from noise levels in the plants D. Ensuring that a person with CV disease attends rehab programs

An occupational health nurse is involved in disaster planning. Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for the nurse to take: A. Assess for possible disasters B. Prevent injuries and death of workers C. Store Medical Data Sheets in a safe place D. Collaborate with government authorities to plan disaster management

In the course of a single day, a PHN may engage in all three levels of preventive practice. Here is a list of activities she participated in just yesterday. Which of the following represents secondary prevention? A. Touched base with homebound student and her mother about child's needs B. Created and distributed take-home pamphlets on an after-school vaccination program C. Helped teach a substance abuse prevention class D. Conducted visual screening tests for 2nd graders

A faith community nursing program is creating in an individual community of faith. The nurse is paid by the congregation and is accountable to the congregation and its governing body. Which model of faith community nursing is being used? A. paid congregational B. paid institutional C. Unpaid congregational D. Unpaid institutional

Which dimension is central to the practice of parish nursing? A. physical B. Psychological C. Spiritual D. Social

A faith community nurse encourages participation in political activities that impact the health and wellbeing of the faith community. Which of the following roles is the nurse implementing? A. Counselor B. Developer of support groups C. Integrator of faith and health D. Advocate

The scope of practice of the parish nurse would likely include which of the following independent nursing functions? Select all that apply. A. Completing a physical exam and instructing a client regarding the best OTC med to choose for back pain B. Conducting a health education session about clients' self-care regiments for HTN< including med and self-monitoring of BP C. Initiating a bereavement support group D. Providing a health risk appraisal and intervention plan for an elderly couple E. Providing spiritual care during a time of severe illness

A school nurse is providing health info to school administrators, teachers, and parent-teacher groups. Which of the following roles is being implemented? A. Health Educator B. Case manager C. Consultant Correct D. Counselor

A site that provides primary health care services to children and youths by NPs in the school setting is a: A. primary care clinic B. School-based health center C. School health services D. Child health improvement plan

A nurse identifies a child who may be abused or receives information from a teacher that a child may have been abused. Which of the following actions must the nurse take? A. Call the police immediately to take the child to a safe place B. Contact the parents and ask about it C. Contact the legal authorities as well as the school's principal D. Examine the child to see if the abuse really occured

A nurse is developing a community-based exercise program for a group of women who have CV disease. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used? A. primary B. secondary C. tertiary D. health promotion

To develop a baseline for a presentation at the local women's club about the status of women's health in the community, a community-oriented nurse researches national vital statistics to establish the leading cause of women's death in the US. In the US, the leading cause for death is: A. cancer B. Heart disease C. Stroke D. Infectious disease

The population that best represents the differential vulnerability hypothesis is a group of: A. Children with family history of sickle cell and HTN B. homeless pregnant teens in substance abuse program C. Native Americans at risk for DM D. overweight children

In an effort to decrease health disparities and improve life expectancy, the Social Security Act was amended in 1998 to provide federal funding to: A. Assure access for health care to elderly Americans B. Build hospitals to care for the medically indigent C. Insure children without health insurance D. Provide supplementary income for citizens with disabilities

Vulnerability is multidimensional, and one of the primary contributors to vulnerability is: A. Gender B. Race and ethnicity C.Resource limitations D. urban and rural residency

A nurse providing a tertiary prevention intervention to a population of women who are HIV positive will most likely: A. Educate about self-care and the women's rights as employees B. establish a partnership with a community to initiate community health center C. Help identify new cases and ensure that clients receive proper tx D. teach how to lobby state legislators

After performing an assessment of a client seeking treatment for hypertension at the local free clinic, the nurse informs the client that the family's children may qualify for enrollment in the state children's health insurance program. The nurse provides the enrollment forms and reviews them with the client, emphasizing how to apply for the benefits. This best exemplifies which principle for intervening with vulnerable populations? A. Carry out primary prevention B. Setting family-center, culturally sensitive goals C. Trying to minimize "hassle factor" D. Using the MAP-IT approach

A community health nurse directly contacts a mammography clinic to arrange an appointment for a migrant worker with limited English language skills. The nurse communicates with the client through an interpreter to ensure that the appointment is scheduled to meet her needs and that the client understands the procedure to be performed. The role played by the nurse in this encounter with a member of a vulnerable population can best be described as: A. Advocacy B. Empowerment C. Partnership D. Social Justice

Health education is often used as a strategy in working with vulnerable populations. The benefits of health education can be greatly affected by the individual's or group's: A. Cycle of dependency B. Health Literacy C. Level of income D. Race and ethnicity

Congress passed the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 with provisions intended to ensure the appropriateness of home health services for those who received them; however, the act may have increased health disparities for vulnerable populations such as: A. Frail older adults B.Low-income families with newborns C. Poor clients d/c from acute care D. Clients requiring IV antibiotics

An unemployed individual with AIDS develops recurrent opportunistic infections that require repeated visits to the health clinic and the purchase of various medications to combat the infections and treat their associated side effects. This best demonstrates how the stress caused by poor health status can be related to: A. Barriers to access B. Cascade effects C. Cumulative risk D. Socially based inequity

Vulnerable population groups are those that, in comparison with the population as a whole, have which of the following characteristics (select all that apply)? A. Better access to health care but poor outcomes B. Greater likelihood of exposure to Risk factors C. Multiple risk factors but equal outcomes D. Worse health outcomes

A nurse volunteering at a local homeless shelter notes that many of the clients have acute and chronic illnesses and are in need of primary health care services. The most effective strategy to consider when networking with homeless individuals, families or populations is to: A. Form a community partnership to establish a clinic for homeless persons. B. Create a trusting environment and establish a therapeutic relationship C. Collaborate with the local United Way to obtain funding for primary care services. D. Dialogue with local clergy to address the unmet primary care need for homeless persons

Which of the following best represents the concept of homelessness as crisis poverty? A. Man with chronic alcoholism and drug abuse living in a halfway house. B. Recently unemployed man evicted from his apartment. C. Teenager living on the streets and abusing drugs. D. Woman with schizophrenia who is living in a shelter.

Deinstitutionalization of chronically ill individuals from publicly funded psychiatric hospitals had the unintended consequence of: A. Moving clients to readily available community-based care. B. Shortening hospital stays in mental health facilities. C. Increasing the funding for community-based services. D. Increasing the number of homeless persons.

Within the impoverished older adult population, the most vulnerable group may be: A. Elderly couples living in poverty with serious chronic illnesses. B. Elderly men with alcoholism and limited incomes. C. Homeless older adults. D. Newly widowed, low-income elderly women.

A nurse working in a clinic in an inner city with high poverty and unemployment rates recognizes the need for programs for pregnant women because these women are at higher risk for: A. Home delivery and lack of prenatal care. B. Delivery of infants with low birth weight and birth defects. C. Multiple births and school dropout. D. Premature delivery and eligibility for participation in the Women, Infants, and Children program.

A recent movie release portrays a female drug user living with her abusive boyfriend, who has two children by different women, in a rundown inner city neighborhood with high levels of poverty and unemployment. This portrayal best describes the influence of which class of factors on societal responses to poverty and homelessness? A. Cultural B. Environmental C. Political D. Social

A nurse case manager identifies a potential health outcomes concern for a 1-year-old with special needs living in an impoverished neighborhood, because this child is at increased risk for: A. Developmental delays. B. Ear infections. C. Frequent colds and infections. D. Irritability.

When working with the poor or homeless, to develop effective nursing interventions the nurse should evaluate clients and populations in the context of: A. Environment. B. Improvement in the quality of services. C. Human dignity. D. Nursing theories.

To provide effective care and advocacy for individuals, families, and populations living in poverty, nurses must first: A. Apply epidemiologic principles for prevention. B. Develop resource expertise in the community. C. Examine their personal beliefs, values, and experiences. D. Understand the federal criteria and guidelines for poverty.

To provide effective care and advocacy for individuals, families, and populations living in poverty, nurses must first: A. Apply epidemiologic principles for prevention. B. Develop resource expertise in the community. C. Examine their personal beliefs, values, and experiences. D. Understand the federal criteria and guidelines for poverty.

Effects of homelessness on health care outcomes can be devastating and may include which of the following (select all that apply)? A. Higher incidence of acute and chronic disease. B. Higher risk of physical trauma. C. Crisis-oriented health care, usually in emergency departments. D. Reduced eligibility for entitlement/assistance programs. E. Lack of awareness of care options.

A high school teen tells the school nurse that she wants to become pregnant. The most appropriate nursing action is to: A. Clarify the intent and inform the teen's parent(s) of the potential to influence her behaviors. B. Discourage the teen's interest in pregnancy when she has a full life ahead of her. C. Encourage the teen to use contraception if she intends to be sexually active. D. Provide preconception counseling and emphasize the need to achieve good health.

When planning a program for pregnant adolescents, the nurse should be aware that pregnant adolescents who decide to have a child experience an increased risk for: A. Reduced lifetime earning potential. B. Eating disorders. C. Genetic diseases in their infants. D. Weight gain.

The challenges faced by a pregnant teen when attempting to establish paternity may be impacted by: A. Beliefs that impregnating a women proves masculinity. B. Demands for involvement in the child's birth. C. Denial of paternity because of associated financial obligations. D. Involvement of the legal system to acknowledge paternity.

For the pregnant adolescent, the factors that pose the greatest nutritional challenge are: A. Chronological age and fetal growth. B. Family support and teen attitude. C. Lifestyle, growth, and development. D. Need to limit weight gain and increase exercise.

The community health nurse visits the home of a pregnant teen who lives with her parents, one older brother, and two preteen sisters. The best strategy for meeting the objectives of Healthy People 2020 would be for the nurse to offer which of the following for the entire family? A. Anticipatory guidance addressing sexuality issues. B. Assessment for financial assistance. C. Assessment of family dynamics. D. Environmental assessment addressing suitability for child rearing.

Teens are at higher risk for becoming pregnant because of the presence of multidimensional factors that include such things as adolescent immaturity, low levels of contraceptive use, and: A. Early age of initiation of sexual activity, sexual victimization, and peer pressure. B. Parenting styles, family structure, and paternity issues. C. Partner pressure, discouragement of abortion, and poor nutrition. D. Poor nutrition, preterm delivery, and late-term prenatal care.

Adolescents who feel competent as parents have enhanced self-esteem, which, in turn, positively influences their relationship with their child and response to the child's cues signaling basic needs or distress. It is important for the nurse to initiate parenting education for both parents as early as possible to increase the teens' understanding of their child's growth, development, and needs in order to reduce the risk for: A. Academic behavior problems in the future. B. Abusive parenting. C. Limited verbal communication with the infant. D. Negative parenting feedback.

Factors that are associated with decreased sexual risk behaviors in teens include higher levels of parental education and: A. Age-restricted discussion of sexual issues. B. Good family health practices. C. Strict parental rules on behaviors. D. Membership in the white majority versus other racial groups.

The nurse is following a pregnant teen who attends the local high school. The nurse plans to discuss self-care activities that will be important for the teen during her pregnancy and assist in keeping the teen in school. The nurse's interventions will involve the teen and the staff and teachers at the local high school. These interventions should address specific needs related to: A. Adequate hydration and screening for depression. B. Desk space and desk location in the classroom. C. Frequency of bathroom breaks and modifications to bookbag weight. D. Use of the stairs and consumption of high-carbohydrate sodas for snacks.

A nurse planning a primary intervention program for adolescent pregnancy reviews trends in adolescent pregnancy, births, abortions, and adoption and notes that comparisons with other developed countries indicates which of the following (select all that apply)? A. Adolescent pregnancy rates continue to rise because of unreliable contraceptive methods. B. Use of contraceptives is limited among teens in the United States. C. The U.S. population is generally ambivalent about providing comprehensive sexuality education at home and at school. D. Female students are more likely to initiate sexual activity before the age of 13 years. E. Changes in parental notification or consent requirements for minors impacted rates of teen abortions.

The most effective primary prevention intervention to reduce the incidence of child abuse is: A. Adolescent role playing of the realities of parenting. B. Education of grandparents on the risk factors and indicators of child abuse. C. Provision of parenting classes for college students. D. Provision of parenting and conflict-management classes for survivors of child abuse.

Nurses must be aware of the incidence of incest, its signs and symptoms, and the psychological and physical trauma it causes. One fact relevant to comprehensive nursing assessment is that incest: A. Occurs in all races, religious groups, and socioeconomic classes. B. Often occurs in father-son relationships. C. Occurs only in father-daughter relationships. D. Never occurs in stepparent-child relationships.

In conducting a nursing assessment of new parents the nurse should be aware of the warning signs of actual or potential abuse, including: A. History of adolescent depression and suicidal thoughts. B. Intermittent religious affiliations. C. Lack of legal marital status. D. Verbal aggressiveness or detachment.

In caring for a rape victim/survivor, the nurse should be aware that the client will initially exhibit: A. Anger and fear with repeated recounting of the sequence of events during the assault. B. Crying, shouting, and hysteria followed by helplessness and self-blame. C. Different responses that vary from client to client and may include emotional withdrawal, silence, and/or repeated verbal description of the event. D. Symptoms of early onset posttraumatic stress disorder.

Professional nursing organizations recommend that all women be routinely screened for domestic violence when they: A. Come to the emergency department with physical trauma. B. Come to any health care setting. C. Repeatedly visit their primary care provider with symptoms of depression or anxiety. D. Report increased financial stress in the home.

In following the principles of nursing interventions with violent families, nurses should: A. Avoid provoking the perpetrator by initially suggesting that the victim leave the relationship. B. Indicate zero tolerance for any further violence, degradation, or exploitation of family members. C. Provide assurances that the family's confidentiality will not be violated. D. Threaten to report child abuse to the authorities.

Community-level factors that influence violence and human abuse are: A. Bullying, gangs, and corporal punishment. B. Job boredom and unemployment rate. C. Population density, sense of cohesiveness, and diversity. D. Poverty, recreational facilities, access to health care.

Violent crimes in the United States include rape, robbery, homicide, and assault. Although rates are decreasing, the long-term consequences of victimization reveal troubling trends that best support the realization that violence must be addressed as which of the following? A. Community and public health problem. B. Legal and political concern. C. Medical and health care concern. D. Nursing concern.

When working with battered women, the nurse needs to know that research suggests that the response to abuse is a process that moves from: A. Commitment to the relationship to leaving to start a new life. B. Emotional degradation to financial dependence to dominance. C. Heated argument to hitting to battering. D. Self-blame to fear to terror.

When conducting a nursing assessment of an older adult living with a daughter's family, the nurse should be aware that indicators of potential or actual elder abuse in the older adult may include which of the following (select all that apply)? A. Cognitive impairment. B. Fear of a relative or caregiver. C. Unexplained genital infections. D. Unmet basic needs. E. Withdrawal and passivity.

The advanced public health nurse is a licensed nurse and: A. Baccalaureate degree prepared to apply the science of public and community health. B. Master's or doctoral degree prepared to apply advanced practice nursing knowledge in the care of individuals and families in a fixed setting. Incorrect C. Master's or doctoral degree prepared to assume a leadership role in working with individuals, families, groups, or communities to improve the health of the whole community. D. Primarily employed as a public health research leader, educator, and coordinator.

An advanced public health nurse (APHN) problem solves in partnership with a community to solve health care access issues for the poor elderly in the community. The advanced practice role that best describes this intervention is: A. Clinician. B. Consultant. C. Educator. D. Researcher.

The strategy that is most appropriate for an advanced public health nurse to consider when planning a population-focused health promotion program is to: A. Contact the state health department to determine state-level health objectives. B. Develop a collaborative relationship with community groups, leaders, and members. C. Identify the target population and begin screening for participants. Incorrect D. Meet with community members and tell them about the program.

The statement that best reflects the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) model for direct reimbursement of nurse practitioners (NPs) as Medicare providers is: A. Certified family nurse practitioners (CFNPs) and certified pediatric nurse practitioners (CPNPs) require the supervision of a physician. B. NPs in federally qualified rural clinics qualify for direct reimbursement. C. Regardless of the geographic setting, NPs receive 85% of the scheduled CMS fees for physicians. D. NPs receive a sliding fee schedule based on local third-party payer practices.

In proactively managing the role stressor of expanded liability, the Advanced Public Health Nurse (APHN) must understand that: A. Which liability standard is applied depends on the scope of the nurse practitioner (NP)'s or APHN's authority. B. Malpractice insurance carriers for advanced practice nurses offer similar policies. C. Nurses functioning with a physician on site are more vulnerable. D. Liability/malpractice insurance is required to practice as an NP or APHN.

One of the concerns faced by nurse practitioners (NPs) because of their direct care role is: Facing consumer group opposition to added complexity in the health care system. B.Obtaining employment and role negotiation. Incorrect C. Obtaining institutional hospital privileges. D. Coping with staff nurse resentment of the advanced practice role and independent practice.

The purpose of professional certification is to: A. Assure the public that advanced practice nurses have achieved an appropriate level of competence. B. Determine competency for graduation from a community health advanced practice nursing programs. C. Establish a standardized national examination mandated for all community health advanced practice nurses. D. Meet state board requirements for licensure as an advanced practice nurse.

A nurse practitioner (NP) is employed at a small rural primary health clinic on a Hopi reservation in the Southwest as a member of the National Health Service Corps. This practice arena for the advanced practice nurse can best be described as: A. Governmental. B. Independent. C. Industrial. D. Private/joint.

Changes in the health care system and nursing have occurred in the past few decades because of a shift in: A. Educational preparation for advanced practice nurses. B. Legislative initiatives. C. Physician shortages. D. Societal demands and needs.

Major stressors frequently encountered by the advanced public health nurse (APHN) in the community include which of the following (select all that apply)? A. Conflicting expectations. B. Liability. C. Professional isolation. D. Professional responsibilities. E. Reimbursement issues.

The shift of home care away from its charitable and public health-oriented roots toward current models in use can be attributed to: A. Consolidation of voluntary and official home health agencies. B. Expansion of home care to include community health needs. C. Integration of home care into benefit programs. D. Passage of the Medicare prospective payment system.

Medicare regulations, professional organizations, and state licensing boards dictate the responsibilities and functions of health professionals in providing home care, and a variety of specialized services can be included in home care either through direct care service, staff education, or consultation. Because of this need for various knowledge, skills, and perspectives, successful functioning in the provision of services requires: A. Certified advance practice home health nurses. B. Integration of home health aide and homemaker roles. C. Interprofessional teams. D. Physician certification of the medical problem and plan of care.

Hospice care would be an appropriate option to discuss with which of the following patients? A. Patient with stage II lung cancer who is undergoing chemotherapy. B. Patient with early Alzheimer's disease whose caregiver needs respite care. C. Patient with metastatic breast cancer who has discontinued chemotherapy and radiation treatment. D. Patient with severe debilitating osteoporosis.

The minimum requirements for entry into home care practice should be: A. Baccalaureate in nursing. B. Baccalaureate in nursing and clinical nurse specialist (CNS) certification. C. Master's in nursing. D. Master's in nursing and CNS certification.

The incentives and pressures for cost control and improved health outcomes have promoted the development of technologies that are simpler, more reliable, and: A. More acceptable to the patient. B. Less expensive. C. More expensive. D. Safer for home use.

The Omaha System was initially designed to the address the concerns of nurses practicing in the community in the following areas (select all that apply): A. Documentation. B. Information management. C. Nursing practice. D. Telehealth. E. Specialty certification.

In home health care, the use of performance improvement programs, evidence-based practice guidelines, and appropriate communication, documentation, and telehealth technologies are strategies to address the issue of: A. Agency accreditation. B. Professional performance standards. C. Malpractice risk reduction. D. Regulatory compliance.

To promote quality improvement, the documented plan of care for an elderly home care patient should include which of the following? Listing of community resources available to meet the patient's needs. Expected patient outcomes for each identified problem or diagnosis. Correct Formulated nursing diagnosis. Objective physical assessment data.

The American Nurses Association (ANA) Standards of Home Health Nursing Practice is composed of two parts: Standards of Care, which follow the six steps of the nursing process, and Standards of Professional Performance, which include which of the following (select all that apply)? Quality of care.Correct Performance appraisal.Correct Collegiality.Correct Outcome identification.Incorrect Resource use.Correct

A home health nurse is charged with identifying opportunities for health promotion and illness primary prevention. The activity that bests demonstrate this focus is: Collaborating with the chaplain to address the spiritual needs of a hospice patient. Educating a school nurse on the care regime of a returning student newly diagnosed with asthma. Incorrect Referring a newly diagnosed diabetic patient to the nutritionist for dietary teaching. Tracking the immunization status of patients. Correct

In designing a substance abuse primary prevention education program for the secondary schools in the community, it would be most important for the school nurse to include content related to the latest trend in the use of: Cocaine. Ecstasy. Correct Heroin. Marijuana.

A middle school student approaches the school nurse and says, "Can I talk to you about something important?" The school nurse responds affirmatively but should clarify: "Anything you tell me will be kept private and confidential." "If anything you tell me indicates that you or someone else is in danger, I must tell the parents and school officials." Correct "It may be best for me to set up an appointment with the school counselor." "You can always speak to me if you are in trouble or when you need someone to talk to."

The Child Nutrition and WIC (Women, Infants, and Children) Reauthorization Act of 2004 designates that each local education agency participating in federal school meal programs have: Accommodations for services provided to special needs children. Incorrect Normal education experience for all children. School-based clinic. School wellness policy. Correct

The school nurse plans a health education program on diet and nutrition for adults attending a general equivalency degree (GED) program held at the local high school in the evenings. This best exemplifies which role of the school nurse? Community outreach. Correct Consultation. Incorrect Counseling. Provision of direct care.

The increased use of telehealth in the school system will be driven largely by: Healthy People 2020 objectives related to school health. Increasing need for efficiency, documentation, and successful clinical outcomes in providing care to students. Incorrect Increasing need to provide health care services in the schools. Correct National Association of School Nurses guidelines.

The National Association of School Nurses (NASN) and standards of practice for school nurses set forth which of the following principles (select all that apply)? School nurses should have a bachelor's degree in nursing and a specialty certification.Correct School nursing uses the nursing process.Correct Credentialing is recommended but not required.Incorrect American Academy of Pediatrics governs the school nurse's practice.Incorrect School nurses must ensure the safety of the children, including when delegating care.Correct

From August through May, an inner city school district provides primary health care services, including mental health and dental care, to children and youth. This is a specific example of which of the following? Child health improvement program. Incorrect Primary care clinic. School-based health center. Correct School health system.

In designing a tertiary prevention intervention to address the leading cause of school absences related to chronic illness, the school nurse should focus on: Asthma. Correct Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Diabetes mellitus. Digestive system problems.

The case manager role of the school nurse can best be described as: Coordinating health care for children with complex health problems. Correct Counseling students to choose workable solution to their problems and conflicts. Referring students to available resources. Screening students for common health problems.

Since 1987, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has funded the federal school health program, which today provides for: Development of a health education curriculum that includes parents and community. Correct Development of school-linked programs. Establishment of school-based health centers. Hiring of school nurses to achieve a 1:750 nurse-to-student ratio.

Research to identify occupational and safety hazards and determine recommended exposure limits for occupational hazards is the function of: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Correct National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA). Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

Host factors associated with increased risk of an adverse response to hazardous workplace exposure include: Age, sex, and health status. Correct Experience and darker skin color. Incorrect Male gender and hypersusceptibility. Employment for longer than 5 years.

An effective industrial disaster plan is a written document that is shared with all who will be involved, such as the internal first responders, external community-based emergency personnel, and other key personnel and agencies in the community. Another factor that helps improve the effectiveness of the community response to a potential industrial disaster is: Addressing activities for work areas that are at greater risk. Conducting an all-responders disaster drill every 5 years. Incorrect Conducting a response agency worksite walkthrough. Correct Training specific employees in fire brigade procedures.

Physical agents associated with workplace hazards can best be addressed through engineering strategies and: Practice of safe work habits. Correct Workplace redesign. Bloodborne pathogen standards. Incorrect Material safety data sheets.

When preparing a report on work-health interactions, the occupational health nurse should include which of the following information (select all that apply)? Accidental deaths and deaths associated with occupationally acquired illness.Correct Numbers of workers requiring vision correction while working.Incorrect Rates and types of injuries that occurred while workers were on the job.Correct Worker illnesses potentially associated with workplace chemical agent exposure.Correct

Occupational health nursing can best be described as which of the following? Enforcement of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements. Identification and management of health and safety cases in workplace settings. Incorrect Promotion of wellness in the workplace. Promotion, prevention, and restoration of health in the workforce aggregate. Correct

Recent trends in the characteristics of the U.S. workforce that will present new challenges to protecting worker safety and health include: Better job security, more equitable work hours, and compressed work weeks. Decrease in the retirement age and increase in the number of people with chronic illness. Incorrect Increase in the numbers of people with chronic illness, women, and older workers, and increase in racial diversity. Correct Increased racial diversity and better health, longer period of productivity, and longer life expectancy of workers.

The transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in health care settings has reemerged as a major public health problem. In terms of the host-agent-environment epidemiologic triad, it can best be described as involving which type of workplace agent? Biological. Correct Chemical. Incorrect Enviromechanical. Physical.

During routine nursing assessments, the nurse should ask clients about their current and past jobs, exposures to any agents that potentially relate to their symptoms and activities at work, and which of the following (select all that apply)? Disabling conditions.Correct Immunization history.Incorrect Lifestyle history.Correct Previous injuries.Correct Underlying illnesses.Correct

As the nature of work has changed over time, the nature of work-related illness and injury has also changed. The best example of a work related-illness/injury associated with changed work characteristics is: Carpal tunnel syndrome. Correct Byssinosis (brown lung disease). Incorrect Pneumoconiosis (black lung disease). Fatal work injuries in miners.

Holistic health care is an approach to nursing care that is: Critical to a successful parish nursing health ministry. Correct Inconsistent with many congregations' theologies. Incorrect Provided in clinics staffed by complementary and alternative medicine providers. Separate from but complementary to parish nursing.

A parish nurse has entered into a written contract to provide spiritual care at two local nursing homes and the community hospital. This best represents the implementation of which model of parish nursing? Congregational model. Health ministry model. Holistic care model. Incorrect Institutional model. Correct

The parish nurse works with a congregant with early stage Alzheimer's disease and with the individual's family to design a progressive quality-of-life plan that addresses the need for legal, financial, health care, and end-of-life decision-making strategies as the disease progresses. This approach to well-being for the individual can best be characterized as an example of the philosophy of parish nursing that: Emphasizes strengths of individuals, families, and communities. Emphasizes the spiritual dimension. Focuses on the faith community and its ministry. Incorrect Considers the ongoing, dynamic nature of health, spiritual health, and healing. Correct

The congregational wellness committee expresses the desire to establish a seasonal shelter for homeless women and children in the community as part of its health ministry. The parish nurse prepares a resource assessment for the next committee meeting. This intervention reflects the parish nurse's responsibility for which type of practice issues? Ethical. Financial. Correct Legal. Incorrect Professional.

In the context of Healthy People 2020 initiatives, the most appropriate intervention for adolescent congregants with disabilities would be which of the following? Exercise program integrating movements from a sitting or standing position. Correct Class to promote a healthy self-image. Incorrect Monthly onsite access to biotouch and massage therapists. Training program for runners.

The scope of practice of the parish nurse would most likely include which of the following independent nursing functions (select all that apply)? Completing a physical examination and instructing a client regarding the best over-the-counter medication to choose for back pain.Incorrect Conducting a health education session about clients' self-care regimens for hypertension, including medication and self-monitoring of blood pressure.Correct Initiating a bereavement support group.Correct Providing a health risk appraisal and intervention plan for an elderly couple.Correct Providing spiritual care during a time of severe illness.Correct

An example of an effective strategy in carrying out the health education role of the parish nurse is: Organizing health fairs. Correct Conducting prayer circles. Providing volunteer training. Incorrect Planning congregational meals.

Parish nurses can best be described as: Advanced practice nurses working in churches throughout the United States to provide holistic nursing care and spiritual healing. Nurses with baccalaureate-level preparation volunteering in faith communities to assist the congregations in their health ministries. Incorrect Institutionally based nurses coordinating health fairs and other congregational health outreach programs within geographically delineated faith communities. Professional nurses engaging in a specialized practice in which they partner with populations of faith communities and respond to health and wellness needs in these communities. Correct

Several faith communities are jointly operating and staffing a food pantry for community members in need that coordinates assistance with the local health department's Women, Infants, and Children program. The parish nurse in one of the faith communities coordinates the overall partnership and the care teams to staff the project. This best demonstrates which role of the parish nurse? Facilitator. Correct Spiritual caregiver. Incorrect Health educator. Health counselor.

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, major faith communities built and operated hospitals that served the poor and immigrant populations, such as Beth Israel Hospital and St. Vincent's Hospital in New York City. This health ministry strategy of that time is a good example of: Caring circles. Health and healing heritage of faith communities. Correct Origins of wholeness and salvation. Incorrect Advocacy of personal responsibility for one's health and wellness.

Public health nurses are challenged to respond to public health-related trends of the twenty-first century, which include: Racial, ethnic, and economic health disparities; rise of drug-resistant pathogens; unequal access to health care; and violence. Correct Violence, availability of health care for all, and increasing life expectancy. Incorrect Health disparities, access issues, and adequate mental health program funding. Rise of drug-resistant organisms, increased life expectancy, societal violence, and more effective disease surveillance.

Rapid changes in public health are providing a challenge to public health nurses because there is neither time nor staff to provide nurses with the on-the-job training needed to acquire the core public health competencies required of the public health nurse. This resulted in revisions to the American Nurses Association (ANA)'s Scope and Standards of Public Health Nursing Practice in 2005 that established: Core public health functions as the competency framework. Minnesota Department of Health's intervention wheel as the practice competencies. Incorrect Standards for baccalaureate- and master's-prepared public health nurses. Correct Quad Council principles as the primary framework for practice.

A public health nurse in the local health department assists the community in identifying the health need priorities and the services that can best meet these needs in a cost-effective manner. This is an example of the tertiary prevention public health nursing function of: Case finding. Case management. Correct Collaboration. Provision of direct services.

State public health agency responsibilities include: Conducting community health assessments. Enforcing public health codes. Monitoring health status. Correct Providing expertise that facilitates evidence-based practice.

The public health nurse serves as a bridge between at-risk populations and the community's health care resources. This role is based on the nurse's responsibility to: Collect and analyze data on public health programs. Ensure that all populations have access to affordable, quality health care. Correct Monitor and assess critical health status indicators. Provide evidence-based use of resources.

If the two major goals of Healthy People 2020 are to be achieved, collaboration is essential for public health nursing practice, and collaboration with existing groups at the local level is encouraged for which of the following reasons? The federal government is ultimately responsible for the health status of the nation. The public demands that the government protect the people. Incorrect Public health departments do not have the resources to accomplish these goals independently. Correct State health agencies must take a universal approach to achieving objectives.

The public health nurse ensures that a local community coalition for improving school lunches takes the time to listen to each stakeholder's view, develops a common validated language for discussing the initiative, and shares the credit for the success of the initiative. The public health nurse is adhering to the principles of: Collaboration. Partnership. Correct Public health care. Public health nursing.

The federal-state-local partnership teams with other organizations to develop and implement responses to identified public health concerns because: Community health is a shared responsibility. Correct Health objectives are defined nationally. Population health is the responsibility of the government. Incorrect Public health trends focus on bioterrorism.

The public health nurse applies knowledge in working with a local school board coalition to develop a helmet safety campaign in the middle and high schools. This best exemplifies which aspect of public health? Core competency. Correct Core function. Incorrect Nursing role. Standard of practice.

The Quad Council of Public Health Nursing identified eight principles that distinguish the public health nursing specialty from other nursing specialties, including which of the following (select all that apply)? Collaboration with other professions, organizations, and entities.Correct Optimal use of available resources.Correct Population-based unit of care.Correct Primary obligation to work for the good of individuals and families.Incorrect Engagement with clients as an equal partner.Correct

To develop a baseline for a presentation at the local women's club about the status of women's health in the community, a community-oriented nurse researches national vital statistics to establish the leading cause of women's deaths in the United States. In the United States, the leading causes of death for women are: Domestic violence, heart disease, and cancer. Heart disease, cancer, and stroke. Correct Heart disease, stroke, and emphysema. Infectious disease, cancer, and heart disease.

Counseling regarding hormone replacement therapy (HRT) should include the following information: Menopause is a result of hormone deficiency, and therefore HRT is appropriate for all women to treat all symptoms. HRT should be used to prevent osteoporosis only among women who are unable to take non-estrogen medication. Correct Research concludes that HRT does prevent heart disease in menopausal women. HRT should be considered for prevention of osteoporosis in all women.

At the request of a local senior women's group, a nurse is developing an osteoporosis primary prevention program. An appropriate strategy for the program would be to: Design a nurse-directed program instead of a peer-directed program. Encourage exercise and consideration of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Incorrect Promote diets rich in calcium and vitamin D and daily weight-bearing exercise. Correct Promote swimming and supplementation with calcium and vitamin D.

To detect the presence of the leading cause of disease burden for women in the United States, a screening program for women would include: Blood pressure screening, mammography, and dietary assessment. Correct Testing for HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases. Pap smear, screening for smoking, and assessment for exposure to violence. Questions about a family history of depression, employment status, and chronic diseases.

In comparison with women, men: Engage in more risk-taking behavior. Correct Experience lower survival rates in the first year after myocardial infarction. Incorrect Metabolize alcohol more efficiently. More actively initiate preventive health care interventions.

Although all men are at risk for developing prostate cancer and African-American men have a 51% higher incidence of prostate cancer than white men, those at greatest risk are men who: Have erectile dysfunction. Fail to undergo prostate-specific antigen testing or digital rectal screening. Incorrect Have a history of prostate cancer in the immediate family. Correct Have multiple sex partners.

A new primary health clinic is established to address the top causes of mortality in men. The nurse at the clinic uses a community-focused nursing process to plan interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of: Cardiovascular accident, lung cancer, alcoholism, and drug abuse. Depression, alcohol abuse, obesity, intravenous drug use, and prostate disease. Incorrect Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, chronic pulmonary disease, unintentional injuries, cancer, and diabetes. Correct Mental illness, drug and alcohol abuse, cardiovascular disease, accidents, and suicide.

To develop a comprehensive population-based health plan that includes men, the nurse must examine male health from various perspectives, such as: Existing physical, psychological, and social contexts that constitute men's intrapersonal and environmental conditions. Correct Income, culture, ethnicity, and race. Media and marketing initiatives that target male concerns regarding quality of life and degree of disability. Incorrect National vital statistics on morbidity and mortality.

Diabetes mortality rates continue to rise for all ethnic and socioeconomic groups, but evidence shows that which of the following is(are) true (select all that apply)? Addressing the diabetic epidemic involves more than a focus on individual factors.Correct Community-based education programs have done little to address the problem.Incorrect Complications and mortality rates are highest among low-income and minority groups.Correct Selection of healthy food options is both an availability issue and an education issue.Correct Standard of living does not affect decision making.Incorrect

A community-oriented nurse is developing goals for a community health center's senior center. The goals should focus on which of the following (select all that apply)? Meeting social and recreation needs.Correct Helping elders accept the inevitability of the debilitation of aging.Incorrect Maximizing functional status and minimizing functional decline.Correct Implementing secondary and tertiary prevention measures.Correct