APUSH Chapter 7 American Pagent

wealthy Massachusetts merchant, also called the "King of Smugglers", President of the 2nd Continental Congress, ringleader of a plot to store gunpowder which resulted in the battles of Lexington and Concord

Prime Minister from 1770-1782 for King George III, forced out of office in 1782 based on the British defeat at Yorktown

British Prime Minister 1763-1765, in 1763 he ordered the navy to enforce the Navigation Laws; 1764 he got Parliament to pass the Sugar Act which taxed sugar and other goods; 1765 Quartering Act, forced colonists to house British soldiers

called the "Penman of Rebellion", very good at propaganda, strong politician and leader who was aware of the rights of colonists; organized Committees of Correspondence in Massachusetts, opposed British policies

was in control of the British ministry; nicknamed "Champagne Charley" for his drunken speeches in Parliament, 1767 convinced Parliament to pass the Townshend Acts, this nearly started rebellions

Patriot of the American Revolution, 2nd U.S president (1796-1800), attended the 2nd Continental Congress as a delegate from Georgia

African American man who was the first to die during the Boston Massacre

French aristocrat and military officer, general in the American Revolutionary War, loved glory and liberty

King of England 1760-1820, good man but not a good ruler, caused the Americans to revolt, lost the 13 colonies

Prussian drillmaster that taught the colonists how to fight the British

Governor of Boston who ordered British tea to be unloaded in Boston despite colonists protests, he lead to increased tensions with the colonists

wife of John Adams, wanted to protect the rights of women, wrote letters to her husband about life on the Homefront, active in politics

helped in the 1st Continental Congress, worked as a diplomat to gain foreign aid

served in the House of Commons, mostly supported the American Revolution

British loyalist, brother attacked for being a tax collector, wrote letters that provided insight into 18th century life and pre-war political relations between people

delegate of Pennsylvania for the Continental Congress, wanted a quick reconciliation with Britain instead of independence

pioneer of political economics, seen as the father of capitalism, key figure in Scottish Enlightenment

economic policy where the colonies existed to benefit the mother country, expected to produce products and give raw materials to the mother country

used by colonists to protest the Stamp Act of 1765; colonists said that since no one represented them in Parliament, they can't tax them; England continued to tax them which led them to deny Parliaments authority; the colonists began to consider political independence

signed by 200 merchants agreeing not to buy British goods until Parliament repealed the Stamp Act

British right to nullify any legislation passed by colonial assemblies if the laws went against mercantilism, used 469 times in 8,563 laws; colonists hated this power

taxes on personal goods and property; colonists were opposed to this

taxes on imported goods

theory that claimed every member of Parliament represented all British subjects, even Americans who had never voted for a member of Parliament

a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization to protest their policies

colonial products that could only be exported to certain places

a committee of the Privy Council of the UK; commissioned by King William III in 1696 to supervise commerce; didn't have many powers but it kept the colonies functioning under the mercantile system while its influence lasted

they took the law into their own hands, led protests, helped American soldiers, instated boycotts; some beat tax collectors did rioting things and broke into officials houses

passed in 1774, it extended the boundaries of Quebec, recognized the legality of the Catholic Church in the area, French colonists could go back to their own customs; American colonists saw it as a new model for British administration, which would strip the colonies of their elected assemblies

began in 1651; British regulations meant to protect British shipping from competition, colonists could only ship certain goods to England, colonists were angry because they couldn't trade with others

passed in 1766 right after the repeal of the Stamp Act, Parliament could "bind" the colonies in "all cases whatsoever", it stopped the violence and rebellions against the tax on stamps, restarted trade with England

convention that met for 7 weeks, September 5-October 26, 1774, in Philadelphia; American's responses to the Intolerable Acts; considered ways of redressing colonial grievances; all colonies sent men except Georgia; John Adams persuaded people towards revolution; wrote the Declaration of Rights and Appeals to the colonies, king, and British people; created the Association which called for a boycott of English goods

created in 1764, act was meant to raise revenue in the colonies for England; increased taxes on foreign sugar and other goods; it lowered the tax on molasses but the tax was now enforced, it reduced the markets to which the colonists could sell; helped the growing movement towards revolution

created in 1767, it was a tax on glass, lead, paper, and tea; troops were sent to enforce it; there was protest from the colonists, they brought smuggled tea, and boycotted; the act was repealed in 1770 because it didn't generate enough money; they did keep the tax on tea which angered the colonists

law passed in 1765 by Britain forcing the colonists to pay taxes to feed and house British soldiers; this created more resentment towards the British

March 5, 1770; it was the first bloodshed of the Revolution; British soldiers fired into a crowd killing 5 at the Boston Customs House; the colonists blamed the British; the Sons of Liberty used the event to promote revolution

document produced by the Continental Congress in 1775, it called for a complete boycott of British goods, this included non-importation, non-exportation, and non-consumption; it aimed to bring back days before taxation; those who violated it were tarred and feathered

created in 1765, required the colonists to pay a tax for anything that required a stamp, it went on many documents essential to their lives such as deeds, mortgages, liquor licenses, almanacs; colonists resisted by boycotting English imports; repealed in 1766

started by Samuel Adams in Boston in 1772; used to spread propaganda and secret information; very effective, in a few years every colony had one

German soldiers hired by King George III to fight in the rebellion, good soldiers, but many were more concerned with making money

British courts created to put those on trial who were involved in smuggling or violations of the Navigation Acts; trials heard by judges but no juries

1773, Boston citizens disguised as indians raided 3 British ships in Boston harbor and dumped crates of tea over; it was to protest increased tea taxes

(Tories), colonists loyal to the king during the American Revolution

1765 in New York; 27 delegates from 9 of the colonies; it had little effect at the time but it helped toward colonial unity; it protested the Stamp Act and they sent letters of complaint to Parliament and the king

acts passed in 1774 following the Boston Tea Part; it was designed to hurt Boston; it ended up hurting all because Boston Harbor was shut down until all the damages for the tea were paid.

government chartered joint-stock company, it controlled the spice trade in the East Indies after the Dutch

2 battles on the same day, April 19, 1775; first military conflicts of the revolution, Lexington: "shot heard round the world", British vs minute-men, no one knows who shot first, British won; Concord: British went to Concord looking for hidden arms, John Hancock, and Samuel Adams; they found no arms and started marching back to Boston, on the way minute-men started shooting at them forcing the British to retreat, American victory