AP World Hist. Chapter 3

The character in a writing system based on the use of pictograms or ideograms. In ancient Egypt, hieroglphics were largely used for monumental inscriptions, The symbold depict people, animals and objects

the title of the ancient Egyptian kings

a village in Pakistan: site of successive cities of the Indus valley civilization.

an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC

the people who invaded Egypt thus beginning the second Intermediate period during which the Hyksos ( a word meaning "foreigner) ruled as pharaohs in Lower Egypt and exacted tribute from the royal families in Thebes.

early ruler of Egypt who rejected the old gods and replaced them with sun worship (died in 1358 BC)

a region in S Egypt and the Sudan, N of Khartoum, extending from the Nile to the Red Sea.

the Egyptian concept of truth, justice, and cosmic order, represented by a goddess, often portrayed with a feather upon her head

2700 BC - 2200 BC. Upper and Lower Egypt kept separate kingdoms, but later built unified government. Developed basic features of its civilization. BUILT THE PYRAMIDS: an eternal resting place for their god-kings.

2050 BC. - 1800 BC.: A new dynasty reunited Egypt. Moved the capital to Thebes. Built irrigation projects and canal between NIle and Red Sea so Egytian ships could trade along coasts of Arabian Penninsula and East Africa. Expanded Egyptian territory:Nubia, Syria

also known as Harappan civilization,located in India along the Indus River,near the Thar Desert and the Himalayas Mountains

nomads from Europe and Asia who migrated to India and finally settled; vedas from this time suggest beginning of caste system

a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society

the imperial dynasty ruling China from about the 18th to the 12th centuries BC

Site of one of the great cities of the Indus Valley civilization of the third millennium B.C.E. It was located on the northwest frontier of the zone of cultivation , and may have been a center for the acquisition of raw materials. (p. 48