who created the largest kingdom the ancient western world has yet known?
alexander son of king philip of macedonia also known as alexander the great
where was Macedonia?
north of greece
what did king philip of macedonia do when he took over the throne?
he turned macedonia into a military power
how was philips army different from many other armies?
other ancient armies were made up of soldiers who served for a limited time but philips army was a group of full time well paid highly skilled soldiers
as a military genius what did philip form?
he formed new battle formations and a large number of weapons for his army
what were the new weapons philip devised?
they included cataputls and battering rams on wheels for smashing locked doors and closed gates
what is a catapult?
a machine that could hurl burning spears or 50 pound rocks over walls
what battle did the greek armies fall?
the battle of chaeronea
why did philip decide to spare athens? (because they defeated them)
because he admired their culture he had gained respect for greece during his youth
what did philip do with the greek army after he conquered their nation?
he reorganized their armies and combined them with macedonias troops
when philip was on his way to conquer persia what happened?
he was murdered and alexander took his place
how old was alexander when his father was murdered?
20 but he wsa still expected to fulfill philips dreams of empire
conquest
victory by force over people
how was alexander similiar to his father ?
he was a military genius and had an appreciation for greek culture
who was greeces greatest philosopher that philip hired for alexander?
aristotle
what did aristotle teach alexander?
literature philosophy and science
what did alexander receive from aristotle? his father?
his father gave him life but aristotle taught him how to lead a good life
what was alexanders title?
alexander the great
why was he called alexander the great ?
because he created a vast empire and because the influence of greek culture remained long after alexanders empire fell apart
who did alexander leave behind to control city states? why?
the greeks because he could not maintain control over the lands with force alone
what were the features of the conquered nations that he adopted ?
there soldiers and clothing
why did he adopt the cultures features?
it was his hope that by adopting the nations features that they would not see the greek rule as alien so they would not rebel against him
what did the conquered nations do except not rebel against alexander?
they learned the greek language worship the greek gods and read greek literature
what did the period of alexanders rule become known as ? why?
the hellenistic age because the greek influence became so widespread
hellenistic
greek like
where did the center for greek culture switch to during the hellenistic age?
from athens to alexandria
what was built in alexandria during the hellenistic age?
a magnificent museum that was also the intellectuel center of the world
who gathered at the museum ?
mathematicians poets philosophers and astronomers
what did they do to help scholars do their research?
the museum opened a little library which then grew into the largest library in the ancient world
how did alexander die?
he died of a fever at age 33
how long did alexander rule?
13 years
why did his empire break apart?
it broke apart politically because no single leader had enough power to take alexanders place
how many kingdoms was his empire broke into?
34 they were split amongst his generals
