Short Description about Wifi Technology

Technology is making rapid progress and is making many things easier-As the Innovative thinking of persons Is Increasing day-by-day,new methods for wireless networking has been evolved of which our present topic Wi-If is the most accepted technology. Wi-If, an acronym for Wireless-Fidelity which Is the wireless way to handle networking-The main alma of this paper Is wireless networking achieved by Wi-If. This paper introduces Wi-If technology and states the history of this technology in brief. We then deal with the different ways of wireless outworking,connecting WI-FL and with WI-FL security.

TLS paper concludes with the pros and cons of this technology and it's future. 2. Introduction: Wi-If, an acronym for "Wireless Fidelity", is a set of product compatibility standards for Wireless Local Area Networks (WALL) based on the IEEE 802. 11 specifications. WI-IF was Intended to be used for mobile devices and Lana, but Is now often used for Internet access.

It enables a person with a wireless-enabled computer or personal digital assistant (PDA) to connect to the Internet when in proximity of an access point. Wireless Fidelity Is the wireless way to handle networking.It is also known as 802. 11 networking and wireless networking.

Using this technology we can connect computers anywhere in a home or office without the need of any wires. The computers connect to the network using radio signals, and they can be up to 100 feet or so apart. Wi-If allows to connect to the internet from virtually anywhere at speeds of up to Mbps. The computers and handsets enabled with this technology use radio technologies based on the IEEE 802.

11 standard to send and receive data anywhere within the range of a base station.Wi-If goes beyond wirelessly connecting computers, it also connects people. 3. History: IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) established the 802. 11 Initial speeds were 1 and 2 Mbps. Group in 1990.

IEEE modified the standard in 1999 to include 802. 1 la and b. Added in 2003. 802. 1 lag was 802. 11 equipment first available, then a, followed by g.

4. Wireless network: 4. 1 . Wi-If's Walked-Talkie Network: To understand the wire less technology let us consider a pair of Walked- Talkies.

These are small radios that can transmit and receive radio signals.When we talk Into a Walked-Talkie, our voice is picked up by a microphone, encoded onto a radio frequency and transmitted with the antenna. Another Walked-Talkie can receive the transmission with its antenna, decode our voice from the radio signal and drive a speaker. Simple Walked-Talkies like this transmit ATA signal strength of about 0. 25 watts, and they can transmit about 500 to 1 ,OHO feet. Elf we want to connect two computers together in a network using Walked-Talkie technology: Give each computer a way to set whether it wants to transmit or receive.

Give he computer a way to turn its binary Is and So into two different beeps that the walked-talkie could transmit and receive and convert back and forth between beeps and Is/So. This would actually work. The only problem would be that the data rate would be very slow. Walked-talkie is designed to handle the human voice. So it is not being able to send very much data in this way(may be 1,000 bits per second). Any products tested and approved as "Wife Certified" by the Wife Alliance are certified as interoperable with each other, even if they are from different manufacturers.

A user tit a "Wi-If Certified" product can use any brand of access point with any other brand of client hardware that also is certified. Typically, however, any Wi-If product using the same radio frequency (for example, 2. GHz for 802. Bib or 1 lag, GHz for 802.

11 a) will work with any other, even if not "Wi-If Certified. " 4. 2. Wi-If's Radio Technology: The radios used in Wi-If are not so different from the radios used in walked-talkies. There are three big differences between Wi-If radios and Walked- talkies.

Wife radios that work with the 802. B and 802. 1 lag standards transmit at 2. GHz, while those that comply with the 802. 1 la standard transmit at 5 GHz. Normal walked- talkies normally operate at 49 Maze.

The higher frequency allows higher data rates. Wife radios use much more efficient coding techniques that also contribute to the much higher data rates. For 802. 1 la and 802. 1 lag, the technique is known as orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (FOOD).

For 802. 11 b, it is called Complementary Code Keying (KICK). The radios used for Wife have the ability to change frequencies. 802. 1 b cards can transmit directly on any of three bands, or hey can split the available radio bandwidth into dozens of channels and frequency hop rapidly between them. The advantage of frequency hopping is that it is much more immune to interference and can allow dozens of Wife cards to talk simultaneously without interfering with each other.

5. Connecting Wi-If: 5. 1 . Adding Wife to a Computer: Many new laptops come with a Wi-If card built in. It is also easy to add a Wi-If card to an older laptop or a desktop PC. The process is Take a 802.

11 a, 802. Bib or 802. 1 lag network card. 802.

lag has the advantage of higher speeds and good interoperability on 802. B equipment. For a laptop, this card will normally be a PCMCIA card that slide into a PCMCIA slot on laptop. Or take a small external adapter and plug it into a USB port.

For a desktop machine, take a EPIC card & install inside the machine, or a small external adapter and connect to the computer with a USB cable. Install the card Install the drivers for the card Access the hotshot. A hotshot is a connection point for a Wi-If network. HOTSHOT: It is a small box that is hardwired into the Internet. The box contains an 802. 1 radio that can simultaneously talk to up to 100 or so 802.

1 cards. There are many Wi-If hotshots now available in public places like restaurants, hotels, libraries and airports. We can create our own hotshot in our home. 5. 2.

Configuring Wife: On the newest machines, an 802. 11 card will automatically connect with an 802. 11 hotshot and a network connection will be established. As soon as we turn on our machine, it will connect and we will be able to browse the web, send email, etc using Wi-If. On older machines we often have to go through this simple 3-step process to connect to a hotshot: Access the software for the 802. Card- normally there is an icon for the card down in the system tray at the bottom right of the screen.

Click the "Search button" in the software. The card will search for all of the available hotshots in the area and shows a list. Double-click on one of the hotshots to connect to it. On ancient 802. 11 equipment, there is no automatic search feature.

We have to find what is known as the SAID (server set id) of the hotshot (usually a short word of 10 characters or less) as well as the channel number (an integer between 1 and 1 1) and type these two pieces of information in manually.All the search feature is doing is grabbing these two pieces of information from the radio signals generated by the hotshot and displaying them for us. 6. Wi-If security: Data Security [Encryption S Third Party solution-Fortress S WI-IF protected Access(WAP) S Wired Equivalent privacy (WEEP)-shared key. Access S WAP,WEEP S Close system-No advertising S Mac Authentication -Mac address control Attack-Denial of service Client protection Antivirus/Firewall Wi-If hotshots can be open or secure. If a hotshot is open, then anyone with a Wi-If card can access the hotshot.

If it is secure, then the user needs to know a WEEP key to connect. 7. Hotshot in Home: 7. 1 .

Setting up a Hotshot in a Home: ways: If there are several computers hooked together on an Ethernet network and want to add a wireless hotshot to the mix, purchase a Wireless Access Point and plug it into the Ethernet network. If it is the first time to set up a network in home, or to upgrading, buy a Wireless Access Point Router. This is a single box that contains: 1) a port to connect to cable modem or DSL modem, 2) a router, 3) an Ethernet hub, 4) a firewall and 5) a wireless access point.Connect the computers to this box either with traditional Ethernet cables or with wireless cards. Either way, once turn our Wireless Access Point on, there is a Wi-If hotshot in house.

In a typical home, the new hotshot will provide coverage for about 100 feet (30. 5 meters) in all directions, although walls and floors do cut down on the range.