Lesson Plan in Teaching

A lesson plan is a group of ideas prepared and meticulous planned in order to equip pupils with the basic subject as reading, speaking, writing and basic arithmetic. It provides the framework of what is to be achieved in the process of managing the institution and involves the selection from among alternatives of the most suitable objectives which starts with a syllabus, scheme of work and a lesson plan. An institute of learning must ensure planning if it has to achieve its objectives. Without planning the business becomes random in nature and decisions meaningless.Andrian stated that “without planned central goals of an institution, there is a real danger of missing the target in the process of accomplishing of any given task” (Andrian, 2005: 79). Mostly planning focuses attention on the aim and objectives which explain the contents of the syllabus.

It proposes contents viewed and carefully planned in order to impart skills and improves the mate talent of pupils. Plans give rise to efficient and coordinated effort and it also minimizes cost. It can result in studied decisiveness and designed actions as against recurring crises and snap judgment.Lesson plan creates confidence and a teacher takes less time in all his activities instead of panicking. It is a road map taken so as to reach one’s goals. Gaggs stated that “The teacher is someone who comes up with questions that makes pupils to reason and think logically” (Gaggs, 1958: 80).

A good lesson plan helps sort out problems expected in the classroom and allocates time, place and its behavioral change objective. According to Castle(1967:5) and said that knowledge is not enough if the teacher does not pass it to pupils and colleagues; training is not enough if it is not helping or put into use.Experience is not enough if the teacher learns by it. Therefore a teacher’s experience makes him or her handle any question any time from pupils because their line of thought is within a prepared lesson plan. It promotes active learning than passive type of learning.

Pupils can only be considered learned people if the tutor teaches what he do. It reduces a lot of stress and panic leading pupils to be motivated. Laid down work makes slow learners to catch up faster and could lead pupils with new ideas put them into practice so as to solve test and examination questions easily and in time.The school cannot determine whether the subordinates are accomplishing what is hoped unless they projected a future course of action. According to Longwe “The plans up-to-date pupils with date, time occurs of the lesson and what is expected in the life as one gets along ” Longwe, (1999:15).

Philosocally makes a teacher standing in the midst of children, while solving carefully, accurately and teach them as outlined in the syllabus. A pupil is like a seed which only grow unless the soil is well maintained, enough sunlight, oxygen and enough nutrients. A pupil has great potentialities which may be realized or thwarted.The seed can only grow with proper care which is referred to proper instructions that a teacher prepares.

According to Kasambira (1995: 88), “ Visual aids and audio visual aids have the advantage of making ideas and concepts very clear and can help raise teaching and learning from verbalism to true understanding; they can also make learning interesting and vivid” This is explained by a Chinese proverb which says, one picture is worth thousands of words. Before a lesson a tutor should find out the following about a school you are working in, school rules, timetables, school records, teaching aids, material and classroom.These are the important factors which make your performance in school easier. Schemes of work are plans of what is to be taught in the classroom for a month or a term. It is split into subtopics referred to as records of work which contains resources, materials, evaluation and time frame of when a lesson will be delivered. According to Daramola (1995) “The scheme of work booklet is intended for practicing and prospective teachers.

For prospective or student teachers on teaching practice” A scheme of work shows time when a lesson will be lectured, place or school and level of pupils in a classroom.It also outlines the sequence of subtopics to teach in a classroom. Preparation and presentation are also important factors, causes a lecturer motivated and gives a teacher a picture of what has been leant and what will be leant in future. A scheme is in form of a schedule which shows when an individual (Student teacher)or group activities or accomplishments when it will be started and completed in teaching practice when given a responsibility in monitor students in their lesson delivery activities and preparation.As Kapaale (1994: 52) asks when discussing this point “How many thieves would be out on the streets if they did not take time to seriously plan their thieving activities before they went into action” .

Hence a scheme is a useful document which provides evidence of skill and commitment to qualify a student teacher into a fulltime teacher. It provides detailed methods for caring out a curriculum and syllabus. In conclusion preparedness should be highly researchful coupled with the clear vision.A lesson plan starts with a curriculum, syllabus and then ends in a lesson plan and without planned central goals of an institution; there is a real danger of missing the target in the process of accomplishing of any given task.

It promotes confidence in teaching and honest. A Scheme is a plan which documents a student teacher’s classroom activities and chronological pattern of lessons. It also helps one to achieve objectives to be attained in a month or year. It is a road map with which to reach the desired destination in managing the institutions of learning.