world history test chapter 6

a form of government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by the citizens who have the right to vote

in ancient rome a member of the wealthy, privileged upper class

in ancient rome on eo fthe common farmers, artisans,and merchants who made up most of the population

in ancient rome an official elected by the plebeians to protect their rights

in the roman empire one of the two powerful officials elected each year to command the army and direct the government

in ancient rome the supreme governing body, originally made up only of aristocrats

in ancient rome a political leader given absolute power to make laws and command the army for a limited time

a military unit of the ancient roman army, made up of about 5000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers horseback

a series of three wars between rome and carthage; resulted in the destruction of carthage and rome's dominance over the western mediterranean

carthaginian general; brilliant military strategist who wanted to avenge carthage's earlier defeat (mastermind behind second punic war)

a conflict between two political groups within the same country

military leader who joined forces with crassus, pompey,elected consul in 59 B.C. ruled in triumvirate; appointed himself governor of gaul; led his legions in a grueling but successful campaign to conquer all of gaul

in ancient rome a group of three leaders sharing control of the government

octavian "exalted one"; "supreme military commander"; adopted son of caesar; joined forces with two others

a period of peace and prosperity throughout the roman empire

a jew, was born in the town of bethlehem in judea; raised in the village of nazareth in northerm palestine; did good works

one of the followers of Jesus who preached and spread his teachings

apostle, had enormous influence on christianity's development; jew who had never met JESUS and at first was an enemy of christianity

the dispersal of the jews from their homeland in palestine--especially during the period of more than 1800 years that followed the romans' destruction of the temple in jerusalem in A.D. 70

roman emperor, announced the end of persecution to christians

a high-ranking christian official who supervises a number of local churches

apostle who had traveled to rome from jerusalem and became the first bishop there

the bishop of rome, heade of the roman catholic church

decline in the value of money, accompanied by a rise in the prices of goods and services

a soldier who is paid to fight in a foreign army

a strong-willed army leader, became the new emperor; ruled with an iron fist and severely limited personal freedoms; restored order to the empire and increased its strength, doubled the size of the roman army and sought control of inflation

city of constantine; east would survive; west would fall

hun; powerful chieftain; 100000 soldiers; terrorized both halves of the empire

an ancient culture that developed from a blending of greek, hellenistic, and roman cultures

has best examples of roman painting; by mount vesuvius when it erupted covering it in a thick layer of ash and killing about 2000 residents

poet, who spent ten years writing the most famous work of Latin literature (Aeneid)

roman historian, notable among ancient historians because he presented the facts accurately

a pipeline or channel built to carry water to populated areas