World History Chapter 8 TEST

Fought Harold to be King of England at the Battle of Hastings; Won and became King in 1066

legal system based on custom and court rulings

group of men sworn to speak the truth

son of Henry II; cruel and untrustworthy; forced to sign Magna Carta

great charter

requirement that the government act fairly and in accordance with established rules in all that it does

No person may be held in prison without first being charged with a crime

Legislature of England

King of France who persecuted Heretics

vast empire from Germany to Italy

King of Germany; Holy Roman Emperor; fought with Gregory VII and agreed to The Concordat of Worms

Pope during King Henry IV's time. Fought with Henry and had to agree to the Concordat of Worms

Emperor or another lay person (not clergy) presented bishops with ring and staff that symbolized office.

Holy Roman Emperor; Wanted to control Northern Italy but lost.

Claimed supremacy over all rulers

series of wars over Holy Land

Jerusalem and other Palestine lands where Christians believed Jesus lived.

Pope who encouraged Christians to fight in Crusades.

"Reconquest" - Massive quest to expel Muslims from Spain.

King and Queen of Spain. finished the Reconquista

Church court set up to try people of heresy.

Reason to support Christian beliefs

famous scholstic who wrote Summa theologica

everyday language of ordinary people

Italian poet who wrote Divine comedy

English writer who wrote Canterbury Tales

Buildings with flying buttesses, thin walls, and tall stained glass windows

stone supports that stood outside the church

Gothic artistic decoration of books

Disease that almost wiped out Europe

outbreak of rapid- spreading disease

rising prices

split

Long Archery Bow

City at crossroads of land and sea routes in the Byzantine Empire

Emperor determined to revive ancient Rome

Massive law reform; collection of all things having to do with Roman and Byzantine law

sole ruler with complete authority

Justinian's wife who was a prostetute.

highest church official

Holy images

Split between Eastern and Western Christianity

Organized Bureaucracies, Developed tax systems, built standing armies, and strengthened ties with townspeople of the middle class

Kept land for himself, complete census taken, built efficient tax system.

Fought over right to try clergy in royal court, Henry asked who would rid him of the meddlesome problem and some of his knights killed Thomas.

A rebellious group of barons cornered him. They were mad over all the taxes

Declared that the Church has sole power to elect and invest bishops with spiritual authority.

The pope hoped to increase his power and fix the schism between the East and West.

The First Crusade

People believed all things must fit with the Church teachings.

The Church and royal rulers wanted better educated men in their authoritative positions

To look for work in industries.

Schism in Church; economy suffers; most of Europe dead; Church reform; Hundred Years War

National Feeling in France grew and French Kings expended power; England's Parliament gained power and turned to trading

Reconquered North Africa, Italy, and the Sourthen Iberian penninsula; built Hagia Sophia, Reformed law

The use of icons

The Byzantine Church became the Greek Orthodox Church and the Western Church became the Roman Catholic Church