World History Chapter 3 Study Guide

a raised area of level land too dry for farming

winds that bring hot, dry air from the northeast in October and heavy rains from the southwest in Mid-June

they had wide streets, strong buiding materials, and plumbing systems

the chief god and god of war

sacred teachings

a single spiritual power

priests, warriors, farmers, and merchants

aryan chiefs

essential self

union with the spiritual force called braham

rebirth of the soul in another soul

a persons action that affect where a person is born in the next life

religious and moral duties

social groups into which people are born

found out why humans suffered. the founder of buddhism

"the enlightened one" taught the four nobles truths and the eightfold path which includes "right aspirations"

union with the universe

teaches people to seek enlightenment on their own, rather than through priests or gods. it also rejects castes and teaches that everyone can reach nirvana

achieve moksha

the path that direct people to moral life and enlightenment

founded the first imdian empire in 321 b.c. the capital of of the maurya empire had schools, libraries, and palaces

continued to expand the empire. he became a buddhist and ruled by moral example. he used elephants to attack kingdom of kalinga

united india from a.d. 320 to about 540

great period of great cultural achievements

advances in mathematics include a system of numerals and the concept of zero

everyday life revolved around the rules and duties related to a persons caste, family, and village

parents, children, and grandchildren who lived in the same house

advances in math system of numerals, concept of zero and decimal system

cared about social order and good government and five key relationship (filial piety most important)

first developed on the huang river

began about 1766 bc

overthrew the shang in 1122 b.c. they promoted the mandate of heaven, or divine right to rule

rise and fall of dynasty. if the ruler was currupt, heaven will let this dynasty fall

nobles had their own land, but owed military service and support to a ruler.

in 600s b.c. it was a tool developed making family more productive

founded daoism

system of ideas

respect for parents

questions were written on

qin dynasty began in 221 b.c. when the leader of the qin conquered zhou, to build unity, he standardized weights, measures, coins, and writing. thousands of workers joined shorter walls to form the one great wall against invaders from the north

began in 202 b.c. it wasthe golden age for chinese culture. young men moved up through skills instead of family influemce

most famous of the han emperors, ruled from 141 b.c. to 87 b.c. instead of legalism he made confucianism the official belief system of the state. he improved transportation, controlled prices, created a government monopoly on iron sand salt

increased chinese territory

a collection of historians, poems and handbooks, compiled from works by confucius and others

relieve pain or treat illness

a large landmass

isolated from the rest of asia, because of himalayas and hindu kush mountain ranges

long epic poems in sanskrit

the principle of nonviolence

brahma, vishnu, and shiva

it was founded there, but decline over time

the art form of beautiful writing

the chinese belief that china was at the center of the earth

the only way to achieve order was to pass strict laws and use harsh punishments