Why did the colonists begin to resent the taxes?
tyranny, because the had no representation in Parliament
Why are Colonists being taxed?
as a result of the French and Indian war
What were the four causes of the French and Indian war?
-European powers are competing for trade and colonies around the globe -France and England both claimed land in North America -When English settlers began pushing westward, they clashed with French fur traders -Native Americans were caught up in the conflict. Several tribes sided with French
Where did the French and Indian war get its name?
because England is fighting the French and the Indians
What was the purpose of the Albany Plan of Union?
it called for colonial unity
What did the fate of the Albany Plan say about the unity of the 13 colonies
it was weak
Who ultimately won the war and why?
England -better fighting tactics -peace with Native American tribes which increased numbers -the capture of key forts
Which agreement ultimately ended the conflict? In what year did the war end?
The Treat of Paris, 1763
What did England receive as a result of the end of the French and Indian War?
-England gained Canada and all French lands east of the Mississippi River -From Spain, England gained control of Florida
Which young American colonists earned a reputation as a capable soldier fighting in the British army?
George Washington
What did the Proclamation of 1763 say?
-it drew an imaginary line across the crest of the Appalachian Mountains and colonists were forbidden to settle west of the line
What did the Sugar Act say?
-put a new tax on molasses, sugar, and other products - this was an external tax
What did the Stamp Act say?
-placed new taxes in legal documents such as wills, diplomas. and marriage papers -taxed newspapers, almanacs, playing cards and even dice -items had to carry a stamp to be sold -was an internal tax
What did the Quartering Act say?
colonists had to provide housing, candles, bedding, and beverages to soldiers stationed in the colonies(mostly New York)
What did the Declaratory Act say?
-stated that Parliament could make laws to control the colonies in "all cases whatsoever" -passed at the same time as the repeal of the Stamp Act
What did the Townshend Acts say?
-taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead and tea -set up new ways to collect taxes -authorized Writs of Assistance - tax collectors could inspect a ship's cargo without reason
What did the Tea Act say?
let the British East India Tea Company bypass the tea merchants and sell directly to the colonies
What did the Intolerable Acts say?
-shut down the port of Boston(no ship could enter or leave the port) -Parliament forbade Massachusetts colonists to hold town meetings more than once a year without the governor's permission -allowed customs officers and other officials who might be charged with major crimes to be tried in Britain or Canada instead of Massachusetts -passed a new Quartering Act -colonists had to house British soldiers in their homes when no other housing was available
What year was the Sugar Act passed?
1764
What year was the Stamp Act passed?
1765
What year was the Quartering Act passed?
1765
What year was the Declaratory Act passed?
1766
What year were the Townshend Acts passed?
1767
What year was the Tea Act passed?
1773
What year were the Intolerable Acts passed?
1774
What was another name for the Intolerable Acts?
Coercive Acts
What Act being passed resulted in the Boston Massacre?
Townshend Acts
What Act being passed resulted in the Boston Tea Party?
Tea Act
What did the Quartering Act being passed result in
-the New York assembly refused to obey the law -England dismissed the New York assembly
When did the colonists first start to accuse Britian of tyranny? What is tyranny?
after the Stamp Act was passed and its taxation without representation
When was the Boston Massacre?
March 5, 1770
Where was the Boston Massacre?
Customs House
What were the men doing at the Boston Massacre?
-harassing the British soldiers guarding the Customs House -threw snowballs, piceces of ice, rocks, and oystershells
How many men were harassing the Brisitish soldiers at the Boston Massacre?
eventually 60 or so men
Why did a British soldier fire his gun at the Boston Massacre?
because someone(most likely in the crowd of colonists) yelled "Fire"
How many colonists were killed during the Boston Massacre?
five colonists
Who was the first man killed at the Boston Massacre?
Crispus Attucks - African Amercian, runaway slave who took a job as a sailor on a whaling ship to escape slaver
Where was the First Continental Congress?
Philadelphia
When was the First Continental Congress?
1774
Who went to the First Continental Congress?
delegates from 12 colonies(no Georgia)
Why was there a First Continental Congress?
to unite after the Intolerable Acts - support Massachusettes
What two important steps were taken by the First Continental Congress?
-every colony was to start training their militia -agreed to boycott all British goods and stop exporting goods to Britian until the Intolerable Acts were repealed
Put the Midnight Ride events in chronological order
-in towns near Boston, minutemen collected weapons and gunpowder -On April 18, about 700 British troops quietly left Boston in the darkness. Their goal was to seize the colonial arms -Sons of Liberty kept watched. They signaled that the British were crossing the Charles River -One midnight rider was Paul Revere. "The regulars are out! The regulars are out!" shouted Revere as he passed through each sleepy village along the way
Where did the redcoats reach on April 19, 1775?
Lexington, a town near Concord
What happened at Lexington that morning?
a shot was fired and in the aftermath 8 colonists were killed
What was a result of the Battles of Lexington and Concord?
-hope for a peaceful settlement had ended -only war could decide the issue now
Put the British Acts and major colonial retaliations in chronological order
-Proclamation of 1763, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Quartering Act, New York Assembly is dismissed, Declaratory Act, Townshend Acts, Boston Massacre, Tea Act, Boston Tea Part, Intolerable Acts, First Continental Congress
What does Petition mean?
formal written request to someone in authority that is signed by a group of people
What does boycott mean?
to refuse to buy or use certain goods or services
What does repeal mean?
to cancel
What does Writs of Assistance mean?
legal document that allowed British customs officials to inspect a ship's cargo without giving a reason
What does committee of correspondence mean?
letter-writing campaign that became a major tool of protest in the colonies
What was First Continental Congress?
in 1774, meeting of delegates from 12 colonies in Philadelphia
What is a militia?
army of citizens who serve as soldiers during an emergency
What were minutemen?
colonial militia volunteer who was prepared to fight at a minute's notice
Who said "...give me liberty or give me death"
Patrick Henry
What was the colonial slogan
"no taxation without representation"
Who said "The regulars are out."
Paul Revere
Where is "Join or Die from"
caption from Ben Franklin's famous cartoon