Science Exam Review 1, 8th Grade

The process of learning more about the natural world is ____.

Experiments and investigations must be ____.

A prediction about a problem that can be tested is a(n) ____.

It is important to ____ when drawing conclusions from scientific information.

The factor being measured in an experiment is the ____.

A variable in an experiment that stays the same is a(n) ____.

Science cannot answer questions about ____.

Models can do all of the following EXCEPT ____.

Limitations of models include ____.

Models can be used to describe which of the following environments?

Scientific ____ must be supported by observations and results from many investigations and are not absolute.

The three branches of science are ____, Earth, and physical.

Another term for technology is ____.

When designing an experiment, the first step is to ____.

When conducting an experiment, the last step is to ____.

A camera is an example of ____.

To evaluate the observations you make, you must use ____.

Scientists must be impartial and not base their conclusions on ____.

To ____ means to draw a conclusion based on something you observe.

____ materials are designed to get you to buy a product or service.

Coastal plains are also referred to as ____.

To show distances, a ____ is used on maps.

Using Landsat, scientists make accurate maps of ____.

To determine distance in degrees east and west, you would use lines of ____.

The Hawaiian Islands are huge ____ mountains that sit on the ocean floor.

Areas of equal elevation are connected by ____ lines on a map.

To determine an exact location on a map, you can use ____.

An example of a raised, flat area is/are the ____.

A road map is drawn using a ____ projection.

Meridians ____ the north and south poles

Distances north and south of the equator are measured in degrees of ____.

All of the following are true about contour lines EXCEPT that ____.

If 1 cm on a map represents 80,000 cm on Earth's surface, the scale of the topographic map is expressed as ____.

If a store is 10 km from school and a map of the area has a scale of 1cm = 1 km, the distance between the store and the school would be ____ on the map.

If a topographic map has a contour interval of 10 m and the map has five contour lines with the lowest elevation shown as 15 m, the elevation of the highest line is ____.

Index contour lines ____.

If a map has a scale of 1 cm = 50,000 cm, ____ would separate two cities that are 3 cm apart on the map.

If a plane flies along 20 latitude north between 20 E and 30 W, the plane would cover ____ degrees of longitude.

New York time is three hours later than Los Angeles time. If it's ____ in Los Angeles, it is noon in New York.

If you travel ____ across the International Date Line, you lose one day.

New York time is five hours earlier than time at the prime meridian. So, if it's 11:00 P.M. on Friday in New York, it's ____ at the prime meridian.

If you travel one time zone to the west in the United States, you must set your watch ____.

Each time zone is separated from the next by ____ of time on a clock.

If it is 2:00 A.M. on Saturday in New York, the time and day in California would be ____.

All of the following conditions help preserve organisms as fossils EXCEPT ____.

If the same types of fossils are found in two separate rock layers, it's likely that the two rock layers ____.

Determining the order of events and the relative age of rocks by examining the position of rocks in a sequence is called ____.

Gaps in rock layers are called ____.

If the same sequence of rock layers is observed over a large area, ____.

A limestone bed containing fossils that are 550 million years old is ____ a bed of sandstone containing fossils that are 400 million years old.

In a series of undisturbed rock layers where shale lies between sandstone below and limestone above, the ____.

____ dating uses the properties of atoms in rocks and other objects to find their ages.

Rock layers are correlated if they both contain the same ____.

If a layer of sandstone lies on top of a layer of limestone in which a 300-million-year-old fossil is found, and there are no unconformities, the layer of sandstone must be ____.

With ____ dating, a rock's exact age can be determined, whereas with ____ dating, a rock's age is compared to the ages of other rocks.

Geologic time is divided into units based upon types of ____.

The Alps, Andes, and Himalaya formed in the ____.

The longest subdivision in geologic time is a(n) ____.

Changes in the environment result in ____.

____ existed during the Mesozoic Era.

Cenozoic Era life-forms include ____.

The development of ____ factored in the development of complex organisms.

Today, some scientists think that ____.

Homo sapiens probably appeared ____ ago.

A life-form in the Precambrian time was ____.

Life-forms that existed during the Paleozoic Era included ____.

The end of the Paleozoic Era was signaled by ____.

A life-form that evolved during the ____ Era was the dinosaur.

Which trilobite characteristic did not change through time?

Trilobites are index fossils because they ____.

Changes in the trilobite exoskeleton can be attributed to ____.

Plate tectonics may affect organic evolution because movement of plates may cause a change in ____.

Pangaea separated into ____.

Angiosperms are the dominant land plant today because they developed ____.

Little is known about much of Earth's early history because ____.

Reptiles evolved from an ancestor of amphibians that developed a(n) ____.

Dinosaurs are thought to have been protective of their young because ____.

Animal life in the Paleozoic Era included all of the following EXCEPT ____.

Animal life in the Cenozoic Era includes ____.

____ on the geologic time scale are marked by major, striking, and worldwide changes in the type of fossils present.

Only epochs in the ____ Era(s) have been given specific names.

The division of Earth's history into smaller units makes up the ____.

If a species can adapt to a changing environment, or ____, its descendants will survive.

____ is a process by which organisms with characteristics suited to the environment will survive and reproduce.

The change in environments that may have occurred at the end of the Paleozoic Era may have been caused by ____.

The ____ formed during the Paleozoic Era

Scientists believe dinosaurs evolved from ____ during the Mesozoic Era.

The hard scales of reptiles' skin helped them to retain water, enabling them to adapt to the ____ climate during the Mesozoic Era.

Humans first appeared during the ____ Era.

At 100C, water ____.

The amount of heat needed to change water from a liquid to a gas is called ____.

The amount of mass in ratio to volume is ____.

The attraction between molecules is ____.

The ____ of a water molecule explains several of water's special effects.

Surface water is found in ____.

Water evaporates from oceans and lakes and rises into Earth's atmosphere as water ____.

A stream can erode no deeper than its ____ level.

____ streams have channels with many curves

Streams with bars, islands, and divided channels are called ____ streams.

The entire land area drained by a stream is called the drainage ____.

A ____ separates a drainage basin of one stream from the drainage basin of another.

The area that separates the drainage basins of eastern North America from western North America is called the ____ divide.

A ____ is formed by sediment deposited where a stream empties into a gulf or a bay.

When a mountain stream flows onto a flat plain, a fan-shaped deposit called a(n) ____ forms.

Nutrients from deep in the lake are forced upward toward the surface during the process called ____.

Wetlands are defined primarily by their ____.

When a specific source of pollution cannot be determined, it is said to have a ____ source.

The first legislation passed to protect freshwater in the United States from pollution was ____.

The ____, created in 1970, enforces water pollution limits.

The key to clean water is to reduce the amount of ____.