Music Chapter 1 and 2

A genre of theatrical presentation presented w/ Italian language w/ continuous singing

(French) "type" or "category" that describe

music writer

the "music" contributed by a composer (printed music)

the poet of the music

the opera's poetry or text. (little book w/ text) (spoken dialogue)

an ensemble of instrumentalists who play accompaniment music

a genre for sung dramatic works w/ music (more comericial than opera)

a singing style that initiates rhythms in a dry and businesslike way w/o memorable melodies

Groups of 3 or more notes or pithces played simultaneously

a steady background pulsation

writing music suitable to poetry (story)

a style of singing between recitative and aria

a vocal number for solo and orchestra, representing an emotional reaction (tuneful and memorable)

Florentine Camerata was a group of people cultivating new ideas about music making in late 16th C. The Florentine was a group of artists, writers, and musicians who advocated a simpler , more expressive way of making music.

the Florentine also believed that it was reviving the ancient greeks theatrical practices.

1600-1750

An Italian composer who lived in late 16th C. Monteverdi's two most important operatic works are L'orfeo and The Coronation of Poppea. Monteverdi wrote first operatic work.

The Coronation of Poppea is about Poppea seducing Nero to become empress of Rome. It was performed in Venice in year 1642. Compare to earliest operatic works of Monteverdi, The Coronation of Poppea's music took particular function within the story. (Based on history rather than myth)

German (& Austrian) native version of opera which was influenced by France (opera and comedie ballet)

English Native Version of opera which was influenced by France; contains spoken dialogue (instead of recitative)

a song genre that usually tells a narrative story (simple, same song used for every stanza; strophic)

male singers who were castrated before their puberty to preserve high pitched vocal range

a type of singing which the actors sing tune w/o any accompaniment

a type of singing which the actors sing tune w/ subordinate accompaniment

a type of singing which the melody is overlapped w/ itself (ex.

"our poly is a sad slut")

speed of the music

an introductory piece of music for orchestra that sets the tone for the stage and cues audience that show is about to start

a type of singing which delivers text rapidly for comic effect

the combination of instruments and voice needed for a particular work

Soprano, Mezzo-soprano, contralto

Countertenor, tenor, baritone, bass

the blend of the various sounds and melodic lines occurring simultaneously in a piece of music. The way in which melody (w/ or w/o accompaniment etc.) is incorporated in a piece.

a. Complex, elaborate, irregular melodiesb. Melody and bass lines most prominentc.

Motoric rhythmd. Small orchestra, all strings with one or two woodwind or brass instruments occasionally addede. Harpsichord or organ used for harmonic foundation

John Gay was the father of the ballad opera and produced The Beggar's opera. He lived during late 17th C to early 18th C He contributed to music theater by developing Ballad opera

Italian Opera vs. Ballad Opera; Recitative vs.

Spoken dialogue; long involved arias well trained singers vs. simple tunes untrained singers; ancient history, myth vs. contemporary satirical

an Austrian composer who lived during late 18th C. Some of his greatest operatic works include Bastien and Bastienne, Magic Flute( singspiel) Don Giovanni, Marriage of Figaro and cosi fan tutte

lento, adagio, andante, moderato, allegro, vivace