Mauryan and Gupta Empires – AP World History

-Classical Civilization in India -Unified South Asia under 1 government -Expanded under the rule of Chandragupta Maurya -Emerged in the 4th century BC -At it's height during the 3rd century BC -Capital: Pataliputra

Conqueror who expanded the Mauryan empire

Sections of the empire which had capital cities and princes who served as representatives to the emperor

Assisted the princes; another council advised the emperor

Sections of provinces that were governed by ministers who were in charge of the local bureaucrats

The army kept peace in the empire and an extensive spy system kept the government informed of any unrest that was brewing.

-Ruled 268 - 232 BC -Expanded the empire -Converted to Buddhism after attacking Kalinga -Sent missionaries to Ceylon and Bactria -Established effective tax-colllecting system, built roads, and outlawed slavery -Rock and Pillar Edicts

Now known as Sri Lanka

A kingdom west of the Ganges River established by Alexander the Great's Greek descendants

Ashoka's policies and philosophies were inscribed on rocks and pillars to keep the public informed of the law

-Later leaders did not share Ashoka's talent for governance -Unable to maintain a highly centalized bureaucracy -Ineffective military

-India became a powerful trading crossroads between China and Europe -Indian Ocean Sea Lanes connected India to East Africa, Indonesia, and Rome -United South Asia under one government

-Similar to the Mauryan empire -Trading crossroads -Provinces controlled by princes -Pataliputra became the intellectual and cultural center of the empire -Improved health care -Developed the 0-9 numeral system (known as Arabic Numerals)

-Setting broken bones -Skin grafts -Innoculations

Particularly noticeable in education, art, and literature Hinduism -Children from upper castes studied the Vedas and other literature in school Entire universities were devoted to studying particular subjects, such as government, astronomy, math, art, painting, and architecture.

One of the oldest universities in the world

Buddhists established a university for Buddhist teachings

Allowed by both Mauryan and Gupta empires

-Spread to China along the Silk Road -Monasticism spread through South Asia -Gained more followers in East and Southeast Asia than South Asia

-Ethnic diversity and a large number of languages divided the empire -Unable to organize a highly centralized bureaucracy -Nomads called the White Huns invaded