Melody
succession of pitches
Rhythm
patterns of accented and unaccented beats
Plainchant
unaccompanied, monophonic music, no fixed rhythm or meter, such as Gregorian chant
Chanson
secular French vocal music, polyphonic love songs
Medieval Time Period
600 AD to end of 15th century
Psalmody
singing of Psalms
Antiphon
"before sound", genre of plainchant in simple style with few melismas
Hildegard of Bingen
born nobelwoman but became nun and later abbess, wrote books on theology, medicine, and sciences
Form
organization of musical material
Strophic
multiple verses to the same music
Bernart de Ventadorn
troubador poet and composer, served Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine
Estampie
instrumental dance music, one-line pieces with the same or similar musical pjrases repeated many times in varied forms
Organum
earliest genre of Medieval polyphonic music
Melisma
Multiple notes on the same syllable
Notre Dame School
developed the first well-understood system of rhythmic notation, educated composers such as Leonin and Perotin
Consonance
two or more sounds that are harmonious, good intervals are 8th 4th and 5th
Motet
derived from organum, gregorian fragment repeared in bottom voice, two voices above singin secual text
Polyphony
more than one melody at the same time, developed at the end of the Middle ages
Isorhythm
separating pitch and rhythm, create repeating rhythms and pitch patterns but not repeated at same rate
Perotin
famous for organa for as many as four voices, went to Notre Dame School
Renaissance
period of "rebirth", shift from Church authority to humanism
Paraphrase
composers departing from strict plainchaint, embellish plainchants with extra notes, set in graceful rhythms and smoothed awkward phrases
Sonority
emphasized in Rennaissance music, has to do with rich tone and color
Homophony
msuc in harmonic, chordal structure, voices sometimes act as chord accompaniment
Hymn
one of the most tuneful plainchants genres, used in religious settings
Guillame Dufay
Rennaissance composer, French, homophonic hymns
Kyrie, Glora, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei
parts of the mass
Imitation
repeated motives on different pitch levels
Josquin Desprez
considered first master of Renaissance style, wrote four part mass with imitation from plainchant hymn
Declamation
tried to make words sung to speech-like rhythms
Word Painting
matching music to word meaning
Palestrina
wanted to convince the pope that polyphonic composers could still write church music that people could understand
Madrigal
short song to a 1 stanza poem, secular, originally Italian
Pavan
Renaissance Dances, solemn dance in duple meter
Galliard
faster dance in triple meter
Council of Trent
meeting of the Catholic church to start counter-reformation, almost eliminated all polyphonic music in masses
Motet
short composition in Latin, made of short sections in homophony and imitative polyphony
Andrea and Giovanni Gabrieli
organismst and composers at St. Marc's basilica, considered architecture's effect on music, Venetian Polychoral motet
Ars Nova
"new art", organum regarded ancient, motet improved upon, used isorhythm, more secular and intricate