prior to 1817 there were no...
permanent deaf school in America
how did deaf people communicate prior to 1817?
they used gestures, homemade signs, but no formal sign system existed
who changed ASL in america prior to 1817?
Thomas Hopkins (america) and Laurent Clerc (France)
Lauren Clerc was born... and became deaf how...
was boring hearing and fell on the fireplace and the gash became infected resulting in high fever causing deafness
what is Laurent Clerc's name sign
a "h" on the cheek (for the scar)
Abbe De L'Pee founded what school?
National Institute of the deaf in Paris, France
what was Abbe De L'Pee's original job?
Priest
when was the National Institute of the deaf founded?
1755
what method of sign was used at the National institute of the deaf?
the manual method system of french sign
what was the national institute for the deaf?
the first public school for the deaf in the world
when did laurent clerc began school?
when he was 12 years old
was Abbe deL' Eppe hearing or deaf?
hearing
What did Abbe deL' Eppe do with the National Institute of the Deaf
he was the first founder and director
where is National Institute of the deaf
paris, france
what means a priest over a monastery of monks
abbe
who was called the father of the deaf
abbe deL' Pee
who called ------ father of the deaf
his students
who became the director of the Paris school (which is?) after the death of Abbe DeL' Pee
abbe Roche Ambrose Sicard and National institute of the deaf
who was minister living in Hartford, Connecticut
Thomas hopkins Gallaudet
why did Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet have an interest in deaf education?
his neighbor was deaf and there were no deaf schools in america
who was Thomas hopkins Gallaudet's deaf neighbor?
Alice Cogswell
who was Alice's father?
Dr. Mason Cogswell
did mr. cogswell become friends with Thomas hopkins Gallaudet
yup
what was Mr. Cogswell's job?
He was a wealthy surgeon
what did Mr. Cogswell do that benefited deaf history?
funded Thomas hopkins Gallaudet's trip to Europe
how did mr. cogswell afford to send Thomas hopkins Gallaudet to on his trip?
he obtained money from his wealthy friends
what did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet go to europe for?
to see what teaching methods existed for the deaf
what was the oral school in england
braidwood
what school was run by a family
braidwood
who offered to teach Thomas hopkins Gallaudet
braidwood
why did Gallaudet decline the offer to the school in england
to expensive
where was the Paris school for the deaf lecture
london england
how did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet learn about the pars school for the deaf lecture?
he was handed a flyer
what was lecture that Thomas hopkins Gallaudet attended about
the teaching method of the paris school for the deaf
what did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet learn at the lecture
the french manual method
who spoke at the lecture?
Abbe sicard
Jean Massieu
abbe sicard hearing or deaf?
hearing
jean massieu hearing or deaf?
deaf
Laurent Clerc hearing or deaf?
deaf
what was Laurent doing at the lecture
he was the star student and a teaching intern
what happened to Thomas hopkins Gallaudet after the lecture?
he was invited to go observe the french manual sign method
What happened after Thomas hopkins Gallaudet's visit at paris school for the deaf?
he wanted to bring it back to america and start a school for the deaf
what did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet ask the paris school for the deaf... what did they say
if he could bring clerc with him back to america. and yes
what was clerc's intent about the school in america
to stay temperarily
when did Thomas hopkins Gallaudet go on his trip
1815
how long did it take for Thomas hopkins Gallaudet and clerc to sail back to america
52 days
what did clerk and Thomas hopkins Gallaudet do on the journey back to america
taught each other their languages
what was one way the first deaf school in america raised money
speeches and demonstrations of the french method
how much money was donated from the public for the first school for the deaf
$12,000
how much did the Connecticut general assembly donate to the first deaf school in America
5,000
what was significant about the donation from Connecticut?
it was the first time a legislative body appropriated money toward handicapped education
when did the first permanent school for the deaf open
april 15 1817
what was the first permanent school for the deaf named
the Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons
Connecticut asylum at Hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons is now known as
the american school for the deaf
what was the Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons originally
an old hotel
who was the first principal of the Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons
Thomas Hopkins Galludet
what was Galludet's sign name? why
a "g" by the eye, he wore glasses and last name
who was the first deaf teacher at Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons
laurent clerc
who was the first student at Connecticut asylum at hartford for the institution of deaf and dumb persons
alice cogswell
did clerc ever return to paris? if so how long?
yes but only briefly then he came back to the school for the deaf
how much of today's signs originated from french signs?
60%
how much of today's signs came from martha's vineyard islands
40%
where was martha's vineyard islands
off the coast of massachusets
how much of the people on martha's vineyard islands spoke sign lanuguge?
nearly all both deaf and hearing
what was on martha's vineyard islands
the deaf gene being passed on for generations
what happened to many of the population of martha's vineyard islands
they began to attend the Hartford school for the deaf.
what happened when the people of martha's vineyard islands left
they married outsiders and the deaf gene weakened and began to disappear in future generations
what did Thomas Gallaudet do
he was a minister and opened the first deaf church in america
what did Edward Miner Gallaudet do
became the founder and first president of the national Deaf Mute college in Washington DC
what did the act that Abe lincoln sign do
it established the national deaf mute college
when did the national deaf mute college act get signed
1864
what method did not support the use of sign language or deaf teachers
oralism
using the oralism method how are deaf students taught to communicate
through speech and speech reading (lip reading)
who's wife and mom were deaf
Alexander grand bell
who was a strong supporter of oralism?
Alexander grand bell
who was a strong supporter of eugenics
Alexander Grand Bell
what is eugenics
improving the human race through selective breeding.
what did Alexander grand bell study
Martha's vineyard, theories of Charles Darwin and the genetic studies of the American Breeders assosication
what did Alexander grand bell conclude from his study?
that deafness was hereditary in nature
What did Alexander want to prohibit
a deaf person marring another deaf person
what did Alexander warn people about deaf boarding school
he said that deaf boarding schools would be a breeding ground for the deaf gene
what did Alexander want to do to people
he wanted to sterilize all of them
when did the international congress on education of the deaf meet and where
1880 and in italy
how many delegates did the US send to the international congress on education of the deaf meeting
5
name two of the delegates that the US sent to international congress on education of the deaf meeting
Edward Miner Gallaudet and james dension
what was the goal at the international congress on education of the deaf meeting
improve deaf education
what happened at the international congress on education of the deaf meeting
the resolution was passed to only have speech and speech reading used to educate deaf and sign language was banned
what did the US vote for at international congress on education of the deaf meeting
they voted against the resolution. yet some schools did transfer to oralism and many oralism schools opened
this resolution that was passed in the international congress on education of the deaf meeting did what
changed to face of deaf education until the 1960's
who proved that asl was a real language and when
william stokoe and 1965-1970
who was the hearing professor and English department head at Gallaudet university
William Stokoe
who researched the linguistics of ASL
william stokoe
who wrote the publications on the study of ASL as a natural- thriving and viable language of the deaf
william Stokoe
what did William stokoe prove
that asl is a true language not a broken english
what was the National deaf mute college later renamed?
Gallaudet university
