Glencoe World History Chapter 19

money available for investment

person interested in finding new business opprotunities and new ways to make profits

method of production in which tasks are done by individuals in their rural homes

process in which coke derived from coal is used to burn away impurities in crude iron to produce high quality iron

economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing

system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production

political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, favoring obedience to political authority and organized religion

idea that great powers have the right to send armies into countries where there are revolutions to restore legitimate governments

a political philosophy originally based largely on Enlightenment principles, holding that people should be as free as possible from government restraint and that civil liberties - the basic rights of all people - should be protected

the right of all males to vote in elections

reliance on military strength

German for "caesar," the title of the emperors of the Second German Empire

a movement to end slavery

Withdraw

an intellectual movement that emerged at the end of the eighteenth century in reaction to the ideas of the Enlightenment; it stressed feelings, emotion, and imagination as sources of knowing

indifference to or rejection of religion or religious consideration

the principle set forth by Darwin that some organisms are more adaptable to the environment than others, in popular terms, survival of the fittest

mid-nineteenth century movement that rejected romanticism and sought to portray lower- and middle-class life as it actually was

Scottish engineer who, in 1782, made changes to the steam engine which enabled it to drive machinery to spin cotton, thus improving production

rich cotton-manufacturing city in England

thriving port in England

American inventor who built the first paddle-wheel steamboat in 1807

Utopian socialist who set up a flourishing community in New Lanark, Scotland

Peace Treaty designed by heads of European powers in 1814 (Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia) which rearranged territories after Napoleon's defeat to form a new balance of power

Austrian foreign minister; most influential leader at the Congress of Vienna

city in Austria that hosted the Congress of Vienna in 1814

American written statement of fundamental rights and privileges for an individual

elected president of France's Second Republic in 1848 after the French Revolution; the nephew of Napoleon

Thirty-eight independent German states recognized by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 of which Austria and Prussia had the greatest powers

northern Italian state

Italian patriot who unified Italy

Prussian prime minister in 1860s who governed Prussia without parliament's approval and forced war first with the Austrians and then the French (Franco-Prussian War in 1870) where France was forced to relinquish Alsace and Lorraine. Prussia was then the strongest power in Europe.

province of France turned over to Prussia after the Franco-Prussian War in 1871

province of France turned over to Prussia after the Franco-Prussian War in 1871

British queen from 1837-1901 with the longest reign in English history who helped to stabilize the economy with continued improvements as a result of the Industrial Revolution. In 1876, she also assumed the title of Empress of India.

ruler of Russia who freed the serfs in 1861

German composer known for his classical symphonies; considered one of the greatest composers who continued to compose after he became deaf

French biologist whose discovery of microorganisms in fermentation led to pasteurization and who also proposed the germ theory of disease which advanced modern scientific medical practices

British scientist who formulated the theory of evolution by natural selection

famous British novelist who wrote realistic novels focusing on the lower and middle classes of England's early Industrial Age; wrote Oliver Twist and David Copperfield