Learning Processes Rutgers University Professor Tomie Chapter 1

A connection between the representations of two events (two stimuli or stimulus and a response) such that the occurrence of one of the events activates the representation of the other.

The view of behavior according to which actions can be separated into two categories: voluntary behavior controlled by the mind and involuntary behavior controlled by reflex mechanisms.

A philosophy according to which all ideas in the mind arise from experience.

The philosophy proposed by Hobbes according to which the actions of organisms are determined by the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain.

An enduring change in the mechanisms of behavior involving specific stimuli and or responses that results from prior experience with similar stimuli and responses.

A change in behavior caused by physical or physiological development of the organism in the absence of experience with particular environmental events.

A philosophy according to which human beings are born with innate ideas.

The philosophical position adopted by Pavlov that all behavioral and physiological processes are regulated by the nervous system.

A three letter combination (two consonants separated by a vowel) that has no meaning.

An organism's activities at a particular time.

A mechanism that enables a specific environmental event to elicit a specific response.

Same as primary process in the opponent process theory of motivation

A neuron that transmits messages from sense organs to the central nervous system. Also known as the sensory neuron.

The behavior that occurs early in a natural behavior sequence and serves to bring the organism in contact with a releasing stimulus

Same as the the opponent process in the Opponent Process Theory of Motivation

Behavior that serves to bring a natural sequence of behavior to consummation or completion.

Conservatory responses are usually species-typical Modal action patterns.

Reduction in the effectiveness of a drug as a result of reoeater ise of the deun

A neuron that transmits impulses to muscles. Also called motor neuron.

A temporary decrease in behavior caused by repeated or excessive use of the muscles involved in the behavior.

Second component of the feeding behavior sequenceSecond component of The feeding behavior sequence following general search, in which the organism engages behavior focused on a particular location or stimulus that is indicative of the presence of food. Focal search is a form of an appetitive behavior that is more closely related to food than general search

The last component of the feeding behavior sequence in which the organism handles and consumes the food. This is similar to that ethologists refer to as consummatory behavior.

The earliest component of the feeding behavior sequence, in which the organism engages in nondirectional locomotor behavior. General Search is a form of appetitive behavior.

A progressive decrease in the vigor of elicited behavior that may occur with repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulous.

A neural mechanism activated by repetitions of a stimulus that reduces the magnitude of responses elicited by that stimulus.

A neuron in the spinal cord that transmits impulses from afferent (or sensory) to efferent (or motor) neurons.

A response pattern exhibited by most, if not all, members of a species in much the same way.

Modal Action patterns are used as basic units of behavior in ethological investigations of behavior.

A compensatory mechanism that occurs in response to the primary process elicited by biologically significant events. The opponent process causes physiological and behavioral changes that are opposite to those caused by the primary process. Also called the little "b" process.