Learning chapter 5

Cognitive psychologists define learning as the process by which organisms make relatively permanent changes in the way they represent the environment because of experience.

Happens when the neutral stimulus is presented flowed by the unconditioned stimulus.

Has the ability to make a response happen that the unconditioned stimulus once did.

learned response

A natural Reaction that happens without behavioral modification.

Triggers some Physical Response.

Things you can sense with your senses but it does not produce the reflex tested.

Tendency for a stimuli similar to the condition stimuli to elicited a response similar to the condition response.

When an organisms learn to make a response to some stimuli but not others.

When the condition stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

spontaneous occurrence of the previous condition response doesn't last long ans is not as strong

A previously neural stimulus comes to serve as a learned or conditioned stimulus after being paired repeatedly with a stimulus that has been already became a learned or condition stimulus.

A fear reduction technique in which pleasant stimuli are associated with fear evoking stimuli so that the fear evoking stimuli lose their averse qualities

Fear evoking stimuli are presented continuously in the absence of actual harm fear responses are extinguished.

A behavioral fear reduction technique in which a hierarchy of fear evoking stimuli is presented while the person remains relaxed.

the relationship between behavior and their consequences and how the consequences influence the behavior.

Increase the tendency that the behavior will happen again.

Something is being added so that the behavior will happen again.

Something is being taken away so that the goal behavior will happen again.

Decrease the tendency that the behavior will occur again.

Something is being added to decrease the tendency of the behavior.

something is being taken away to decrease the tendency of the behavior.

Are effective because of the organisms biological makeup. Ex: food, water, warmth, and pain.

Acquire their value through being associated with established reinforces. Ex: money

Are signals and cues that provide information about when an ope rant will be reinforced.

refers to a situation in which a behavior is reinforce only some of the time. It is more resistant to extinction than continuous reinforcement.

Reinforcement only happens after a fix number of responses.

Reinforcement happens after a consisted amount of time has passed.

Means that the reinforcement is delivered after an average number of correct responses has occurred.

Responses are reinforced after a variable amount of time has passed.

People receive reinforcement in the form of information.

Learning that teach adaptive behavior and extinguish or discourage mal-adaptive behavior.

A method of teaching that breaks down tasks into small steps, each of which is reinforced and then combined to form the correct behavior.

A mental representation of the layout of one's environment

Learning that is hidden or concealed.

A form of cognitive learning in which we learn by observing others, regardless of whether we perform what we learn or not.

An organism that engages in a response that is then imitated by another organism.

It often Fails to achieve the goals of parents, teachers, and others.

He discover Op-rent Learning .

A simple unlearned response to a stimulus .

An environmental condition that elicits a response.

Successively reinforce behaviors that approximate the target behavior before you can shape a behavior you have to know the target behavior.

Behaviors that are progressively closer to a target behavior.

A schedule of reinforcement in which every correct response is reinforced.