APUSH Chapter 20 Terms

journalists who began to direct public attention toward social, economic, and political injustices. They were committed to exposing scandal, corruption, and injustice to public view.

exposed tactics of Rockefeller->attacked Standard Oil.

The Shame of the Cities, exposure of machine government and boss rule. Helped arouse sentiment for urban political reform.

advocates of social justice->egalitarian society and support for poor and oppressed people. Helping society ex. Salvation Army

nothing produced more distress than crowded immigrant neighborhoods->exposed through photographs and descriptions

a center in an underprivileged area that provides community services

most famous settlement house, opened in Chicago as a result of the efforts of Jane Addams->sought to help immigrant families adapt to the language and customs of their new country

social worker that opened the Hull House

social scientist; proposed a new economic system in which power would reside in the hands of highly trained engineers; only they could fully understand the "machine process" by which modern society must be governed.

prominent female reformer of the temperance movement.

Single->"Boston marriages"

American women's suffrage leader. Served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association.

Catt was the president. Justified suffrage in "safer", less threatening ways. Because women occupied a distinct sphere--they had special experiences and special sensitivities to bring to public life--woman suffrage could make an important contribution to politics.

guaranteed political rights to women throughout the nation

head of the National Woman's Party. She argued that the 19th Amendment alone would not be sufficient to protect women's rights.

founded in 1916. Alice Paul was the head of it.

printed by the gov. and distributed at the polls to be filled out and deposited in secret.

The initiative allowed reformers to directly submit new legislation directly to voters. The referendum provided a method by which actions of the legislature could be returned to the electorate for approval. The recall gave voters the right to remove a public official from office.

an attempt to take the selection of candidates away from the bosses and give it to the people

an American Republican.

Ran for president as the nominee of the Progressive Party->1924

in NYC in 1911, was one of the deadliest industrial disasters. The result was a number of reform movements.

co-founder of NAACP. Though African Americans should receive an education to earn their rights.

(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People).

Civil rights organization formed in 1909. Co-founded by WEB du Bois.

(Woman's Christian Temperance Union). First mass organization among women devoted to social reform ->limits on alcohol sales

prohibition of alcoholic beverages in the U.S.

reformer->minimum wage, 8-hour workdays.

National Consumer's League. NAACP.

industrial union->1905. The "Wobblies".

All workers should be united as a social class and that capitalism and wage labor should be abolished .

founding member and leader of IWW and member of the Socialist Party of America

associate justice on the Supreme Court; Progressive. First Jew on Supreme Court.

leader of the progressive movement. Co-founder of the magazine "The New Republic"

company was sued under the Sherman Antitrust Act by Roosevelt, one of the first anti-trust cases filed against corporate interests instead of labor

Roosevelt->3C's-control of the corporations, consumer protection, and conservation of natural resources

gave the ICC the power to set max.

railroad rates.

a series of consumer protection laws->Food and Drug Administration

The Jungle, exposed the horrors of the meat-packing industry. Showed the difficult life of the immigrants.

written by Sinclair.

Exposed horrors of meat-packing industry. Read by Roosevelt.

head of forestry department. Ballinger-Pinchot Dispute.

Taft dismisses him.

a U.S. federal law that funded irrigation projects for arid lands in the west.

American naturalist and advocate of preservation of wilderness in the U.

S.

residents of San Fran wanted to use the territory for water. Muir didn't want it. Construction began after World War I.

Bankers' panic. New York Stock Exchange fell almost 50%. J.P. Morgan bailed the government out.

1909-1913; Dollar Diplomacy, trust buster, Payne Aldrich Tariff, US Steel merger with TN Coal and Iron, Forest Reserve, Mann Elkins Act, 16th and 17th Amendments.

major steel manufacturer with interests in coal and iron ore mining and railroad operations.

barely reduced tariff rates

Ballinger-Pinchot dispute.

Wanted to open up land for mining-wasn't illegal.

Roosevelt's Progressive political philosophy during the 1912 election

1912 by Roosevelt. After a split in the Republican party between him and Taft.

was the Democratic party nomination and presented New Freedom

"triple wall of privilege"-trusts, tariffs, and THE bank; stronger anti-trust legislation. Banking reform, tariff on reductions, "man on the make"

re-imposed the federal income tax and lowered basic tariff rates from 40% to 25%->Wilson

graduated income tax->based on income

created 12 regional banks, each to be owned and controlled by the individual banks of its district.

stronger version of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. Made to show an advancement in trying to end trusts.

a regulatory agency that would help businesses determine in advance whether their actions would be acceptable to the gov.->unfair trade practices.

prohibited shipment across state lines of goods produced by underage children

strike by the mine workers.

Roosevelt came to the support of the strikers. The strikers received higher pay and fewer hours.

direct election of senators as opposed to them being appointed.

supported Jim Crow Laws, incredibly racist.

amended the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887.

It authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to impose heavy fines on railroads that offered rebates an upon the shippers that accepted them.