Who suggested social learning theory (SIT)
*Bandura (1977) suggested (SIT), which is based on the assumption that people learn behaviors, attitudes, emotional reactions and norms through direct experiences but also through observing other humans (models).*We learn consequences of behavior from vicarious reinforcement. Once such info is stored in the memory it serves as a guide to future actions.
What are the 4 important factors in SIT?
*Attention: paying attention to the model is a condition for learning.*Retention: remembering what the model did is a condition for imitating their behavior.*Reproduction: people must be have the capacity (skills) for imitating the behavior.

*Motivation: people must be motivated to imitate behavior (e.g. importance of model).

Explain Bandura and Ross (1961) Experimental investigation on learning aggression from a model
**Aim: to see if children would imitate the aggresion of an adult model and whether they would imitate same-sex models more than opposite-sex.

**Procedure: 36 boys and 36 girls (mean age, 4.4) were divided into three groups matched on levels of aggressiveness. One group saw a model behave aggressively towards a bobo doll, one group saw the model assemble toys and the last acted as a control. the groups were further divided into groups so that some saw same-sex models and some saw opposite-sex models.the models either behaved aggressively or nicely. the children were then brought into the lab with toys and were NOT told what to do.

they were observed for 20 min.**Results:children with aggressive models, behaved more aggressively (physically and verbally) towards the bobo doll. children also liked to imitate same-sex models. boys were more aggressive**Evaluation: the lab exp is low in ecological validity. the aggression here is artificial and there may be demand characteristics. the children were very young and it has been criticized for ethical reasons.

Explain Charlton et al. (2002) Observation of the introduction of television in a remote community (St. Helena)
**Aim: Investigated whether children (in st. helena) would exhibit more aggressive behavior after the introduction to TV in 1995.**Procedure: a natural experiment.

Children (3-8 years) were observed before and after introduction to TV through cameras set up on playgrounds of two primary schools on the island. interviews were also conducted with teachers, parents, older children.**Results: No increase in aggressive or antisocial behavior (the same results after 5 years)**Discussion of results:- children did not change behavior after TV was introduced (even though level of violence was the same as UK's)- parents/ teachers said that antisocial behavior was not accepted on the island + high degree of social control in the community. showing that people may learn BUT NOT exhibit aggressive beahvior.-Social/cultural factors also play a role in what behaviors are acceptable, so even though children had learned aggression, they did not show it.

**Evaluation: the study investigated real-life event and is high in ecol validity. It does NOT question SLT, but rather the results of Bandura and Ross (1961), it also confirms the theory that you have to be motivated to imitate behavior.