The Battle of Marengo
Battle fought on July 14, 1800 that gave Napoleon control of Northern Italy.
List two concessions the Pope made in the Concordat made with Napoleon.
Bishops were nominated by Napoleon and approved by the Pope, and Church property in France was not restored
List two concessions Napoleon made in the Concordat made with the Pope.
The government would pay the salaries of priests, and freedom of worship was guaranteed.
Organic Articles
A code of ecclesiastical law, which put restrictions on the Church.
The restrictions put on the Catholic church in the Organic Articles
Bishops were forbidden to leave their diocese, the state would control the seminaries, and no religious marriage would be valid without a civil certificate.
The reason Napoleon gave up trying to establish an empire in the New World
Napoleon could not reconquer the Caribbean island of Saint Domingue, now Haiti, and so gave up his attempt
The Louisiana territory
Napoleon sold this to the United States when he gave up trying to establish an empire in the New World
Battle of Trafalgar
The British Naval fleet won.
The combined French and Spanish forces.
Nelson led the Britons to victory.
This battle was significant because it marked the end of French sea power.
The two armies Napoleon defeated at Austerlitz
The Russian and Austrian armies.
The significant result of the battle at Austerlitz
the Confederation of the Rhine was set up to govern under French domination most of the German territory of the Holy Roman Empire.
Why Napoleon wanted control of Education in France
To weaken tradition and the Church's influence and to indoctrinate children so that they would accept the Revolution and Napoleon's influence.
Continental Blockade
November 21, 1806
It forbid all the countries under French dominion to trade with England, but it was mostly ineffective.
Pope Pius VII refused to go along with the blockade.
The arrest of Pope Pius VII
On July 5, 1809, Napoleon's soldiers arrested Pope Pius VII but they had trouble finding a prison for him because no town wanted the responsibility of being the Pope's jail.
Siege of Zaragoza
June 13, 1808 - first skirmish; February 19, 1809 - final surrender.
The French won that battle, but were utterly devastated.
Warfare at Zaragosa
guerilla warfare; on average, about 100 soldiers per day
Andreas Hofer
Rebel leader in the Tyrol region of Austria that continued to fight napoleon's army even after the emperor had given up. He was captured after the final resistance and dragged to Mantua where Napoleon ordered him shot on February 20, 1810, before the court had reached a sentence.
Peasant Innkeeper
The job of Andreas Hofer before he became the rebel leader
The Lines of Torres Vedres
The defensive strategy that surrounded Lisbon and was conceived by Viscount Wellington of Talavera to hold off the French for five months at the cost of 25,000 French and 4,000 British soldiers
Battle of Vitoria
The British troops and Spanish guerillas led by Wellington won this battle against Joseph Bonaparte and the French. Spain belonged to the Spanish again.
The Scorched Earth Policy
Tactic of the Russian armies that prevented French soldiers from getting enough to eat on their march to Moscow.
Moscow was burned out and deserted
Found by Napoleon and his armies when they entered Moscow.
What hardships did Napoleon and his soldiers face as they retreated into Poland?
Severe cold and snow, hypothermia, and marching with makeshift shoes and winter clothing.
1,000 effective troops
The number of effective soldiers Napoleon had left of the 600,000 they started out with, by the time they arrived
The Battle of Nations at Leipzig
Battle in 1813 in which the combined armies of Austria, Russia and Prussia defeated Napoleon's army.
The capture of Paris by the Allies.
Event in March 1813 that caused Napoleon to abdicate.
Island of Elba near Corsica
Island from which Napoleon escaped to begin another short term of rule.
The Hundred Days
The short period of Napoleon's Rule after his escape from the Island of Elba
Second Rebellion of the Vendee
An event that occurred shortly after Napoleon returned to Paris that required him to dispatch 10,000 soldiers.
The significance of the Rebellion
It withdrew a significant number of troops from Napoleon's army, troops which might have won him Waterloo.
The Battle of Waterloo
Famous battle of June 1815, in which Napoleon is defeated for good.
The two victorious allied commanders of Waterloo
Wellington with the British and Blucher with the Prussians
Congress of Vienna
Restored Louis XVIII to the throne of France (with Talleyrand as one of his ministers), fixed the boundaries of the Netherlands and Switzerland, settled disputes in Italy and formed the various German states loosely under Austria.
Prince Clemens Metternich
Leading figure of Europe after the congress of Vienna who believed that Nationalism must take second place to peace and order.
The position Prince Clemens Metternich held in government
Prime minister of the Hapsburg Empire
Congress diplomacy
A kind of diplomacy where heads of governments or their representatives would meet to discuss controversies rather then trying to settle them on the battlefield.
Balance of power
No one nation could become stronger then the others and thereby be tempted to go to war against it's neighbors.
Carlist wars
1834 - 1876 Three Carlist wars through three generations.
Caused by the unlawful placing of Ferdinand VII's daughter Isabel on the throne of Spain and the domination of Spain by her mother, Maria Christina.
After the final defeat, Carlos VII left Spain, leaving the liberals in control.
