chem 1050 exam 2

Which of these represents the best Lewis structure for acetylene (C 2 H 2 )?

Although carbon dioxide is the primary compound discussed with respect to global warming; of the common atmospheric components the global warming potential (GWP) of a carbon dioxide molecule is very low. Which statement best explains this pair of facts?

How many atoms are present in 0.375 mol of palladium (Pd) atoms?

The greenhouse effect refers to the process by which

Octane (C 8 H 18 ) is one of the principal components of gasoline. How many moles of CO 2 are produced during the combustion of 3.0 mol of octane? Unbalanced equation: C 8 H 18 + O 2 → CO 2 + H 2 O

The top graph shows the mean temperature over the past 160,000 years as determined from ice-core data. Which of graphs A through D best represents the carbon dioxide concentration in air over the same time period as measured from air bubbles trapped in the ice cores?

Hydrogen gas (H 2 ) is a promising alternative to fossil fuels. How many molecules are present in 1.0 kg of hydrogen gas?

What is the effect of infrared energy on matter?

Which occurrences or processes are expected to reduce the level of atmospheric carbon? I. Decaying plant and animal remains II. The growth of trees III. Formation of carbonate rock in the ocean IV. Animal respiration

Although coal is a complex mixture of substances, its elemental composition can be approximated by the formula C 135 H 96 O 9 NS. Using this formula, predict the amount of CO 2 released from the combustion of 1.00 × 10 6 metric tons of coal (about the annual average for a coal-fired power plant). 1 metric ton = 1 × 10 3 kg

The most abundant greenhouse gas in Earth's atmosphere is:

Identify the single most effective strategy to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

Tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) is a greenhouse gas. Why is O 3 not assigned a Global Warming Potential (GWP)?

Where is most of the carbon on earth stored?

Which substances are regulated by the Kyoto Protocol? I. argon II. carbon dioxide III. nitrogen IV. nitrous oxide V. sulfur hexafluoride

Land use changes have a big impact on global warming because of their effect on albedo. Albedo

In order to make useful predictions, which factors must be accounted for by climatic models? I. Aerosol Emissions II. Land Use III. Solar Irradiance

Which of the following has the lowest albedo?

The heat of combustion of methane, CH 4 , is 50.1 kJ/g. How much heat would be generated if 1.00 mol of methane undergoes complete combustion?

The energy that flows from a warmer body to a colder body is called

The first law of thermodynamics states that

The measure of how much energy is dispersed in a given process is called the

In which example is the entropy of the initial state lower than the entropy of the final state?

The following molecules contain only single bonds. NH 3 (g) + 3F 2 (g) → NF 3 (g) + 3 HF(g) The bond energies are: N H 391 kJ/mol; F F 158 kJ/mol; N F 272 kJ/mol; H F 566 kJ/mol. Which is the heat evolved or absorbed per mole of NH 3 that reacts with F 2 ?

Which is not a known advantage of natural gas over other fossil fuels?

During petroleum refining, catalysts play an extremely important role during the

The diagram below shows a simplified version of a fractionating column used in the petroleum industry. The compounds that are obtained at position D (bottom)

Consider these three compounds. Which are isomers?

A gasoline's octane rating is a measure of the

A gasoline's octane rating is determined by

Oxygenated gasolines are blends of petroleum-derived compounds with oxygen-containing compounds. Which of the following oxygenated compounds has been discontinued in some states because of potential health risks?

Over the very long run, the energy source that has the greatest potential to meet humanity's needs is

Assume that an extremely inefficient electrical utility company delivers electrical energy to your home from a natural gas-burning power plant with an overall efficiency of only 31% and your furnace is 85% efficient in converting electrical energy into heat energy. What mass of natural gas the power plant must burn if heating your home requires 3.5 × 10 7 kJ? The heat of combustion of natural gas is 50.1 kJ/g.

Calculate the amount of energy that is saved by replacing a 75-watt incandescent light bulb with an 18-watt fluorescent bulb during the 1500-hour life of the incandescent bulb. One watt is the equivalent of one joule of energy used per second.

Power plants generate electricity by harnessing the energy stored in chemical bonds. Which lists, in the correct order, the forms that the energy takes to get from a fossil fuel to an electrical outlet?

Which of the following has the highest boiling point?

scientists believe they know the average global temperature over the last 160,000 years. Which property of the ice core samples from Antartica provides this information?

which of the atmospheric components does not contribute to global warming?

Neither N2 or O2 are greenhouse gases because

what international agreement attempted to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?

Find the molar mass of ethano, C2H6O

how many atoms are present in 0.375 mol of palladium (Pd) atoms?

scientists have correlated average global temperature with atmospheric carbon dioxide levels for the last 160,000 years using ice cores from Antartica. How is carbon dioxide level determined?

which practices might be described as carbon sequestration? I. planting trees II. deforestation III. pumping carbon dioxide deep into the ocean

what is the coefficient for oxygen in the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of heptane (C7H16) unbalanced equation = C2H16 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

which country has the highest per capita emission of carbon dioxide

the history of average global temperature for the last 160,000 years is derived from isotopic analysis of ice layers in Antartica, Scientists study the ____ ratio in____

argon, which compromises almost 1% of the atmosphere, is approximately 27 times more abundant than CO2, but does not contribute to global warming. Which explanation accounts for this fact?

calculate the percentage by mass of flourine in sulfur hexaflouride (SF6), a potent greenhouse gas

the industrial revolution is a key point in the earth's atmospheric history because

calculate the percent of chlorine in CCl3F (Freon-11)

identify the single most effective strategy to reduce carbon dioxide emissions

the heat combustion of ethane, C2H6, is 1560 kJ,mol, what is heat of combustion of ethane in kJ per gram

the energy that flows from a warmer body to a colder body is called

the energy stored in the chemical bonds of fossil fuels is a form of ____ energy

the energy of motion is called ____ energy

the first law of thermodynamics states that

based on this reaction and its energy profile CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2H2O (g)

how is heat energy used to generate electricity

which is correct statement of the second law of thermodynamics

combustion is a chemical process in which a fuel combines with ____ to release energy and form products

consider the following equation that describes the complete combustion of propane, C3H8, the bond energies are C-H 416 kJ/mol; C-C 356 kJ/mol; O--O 498 kJ/mol; C--O 803 kJ/mol; H-O 467 kJ/mol. which is the total amount of energy required to break all of the bonds in propane

which factor did not play a major role in the formation of fossil fuels from plant matter a. high temperature b. high pressure c. an absence of CO2 d. an abundance of sunlight

in the petroleum industry, what does a refinery do

which is produced in the greatest amount from a barrel of petroleum

which of the following is not a "clean coal" technology already in use?

why is the mileage a vehicle gets less when burning E85 than 100% gasoline?