Biology: Chapter 20 Summary Notes

- Amoebas and other organisms that use pseudopodia for movement and obtaining food are classified in the phylum Sarcodina

Amoebas obtain food by surrounding it with pseudopodia and forming a vacuole.

Digestion occurs in the vacuole.

Wastes and undigested material are excreted through the cell membrane.

Amoebas reproduce asexually by binary fission.

the organisms in the phylum Ciliophora have short, hair like cilia that are used for movement and obtaining food

the paramecium, a typical ciliate, obtains food by using its cilia to sweep food particles into its oral groove.

Particles are directed to the mouth pore and then into the gullet, where a vacuole forms. Digestion occurs within the vacuole.

undigested material is excreted through the anal pore

paramecia reproduce asexually by binary fission and sexually by conjugation

the organism in the phylum Mastigophora use flagella to move

divided into two groups. The members of one group have chloroplasts and make their own food by photosynthesis. The members of the other group do not have chloroplasts and obtain food from their environment.

The Euglena is an example of a flagellate that is both heterotrophic and autotrophic

the Egulena has a light-sensitive eyespot and moves toward areas of bright light

euglena reproduce asexually by longitudinal binary fission

the organisms in the phylum sporozoa have no means of locomotion

all sporozoans are parasites and have complex life cycles

sporozoans produce asexually be means of spores

a common sporozoan is Plasmodium, which has a two-stage life cycle and causes malaria in human beings

means first, or earliest

the protist that is single celled and does not have a well-defined nucleus

included in the protist kingdom

move by means of extension of cytoplasm

false feet

moves by means of hairlike structures called cillia

ex. of ciliophora

organisms with whiplike tails called flagella

parasitic organism, that produces spores for reproduction

ex. of sporozoa

shapeless, jellylike mass of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane

true

plantlike protist that have reddish eyespots that permit it to respond to light form different directions

An infected mosquito bites a human and the spores from the mosquito shoot into the bloodstream.

They are then carried to the liver where they rapidly reproduce and are carried to the rest of the body.