AP World History Chapter 17

Italian Renaissance writer, described government in the way it actually worked (ruthless). He wrote The Prince (the end justifies the mean).

the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason

the movement in Art in Germany and Flanders that reflected greater religious tones; , Emphasized Critical Thinking, Developed Christian Humanism criticizing the church & society, Painting/ Woodcuts/Literature

This was the French king who reached an agreement with Pope Leo X and allowed the French king to select French bishops and abbots

German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468)

Originated in 15th century among peasants and artisans of western Europe, featuring late marriage age, emphasis on the nuclear family, and a large minority who never married.

the theological system of any of the churches of western Christendom that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation

the national church of England (and all other churches in other countries that share its beliefs)

French Protestant (16th century) who stressed doctrine of predestination; established center of his group at Swiss canton of Geneva; encouraged ideas of wider access to government, wider public education; Calvinism spread from Switzerland to northern Europe and North America

Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church, begun in response to the Protestant Reformation. It clarified Catholic theology and reformed clerical training and discipline.

Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism.

1598 - Granted the Huguenots liberty of conscience and worship.

(1618-48) A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It was primarily a batlte between France and their rivals the Hapsburg's, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire.

Ended Thirty Years War in 1648; granted right to individual rulers within the Holy Roman Empire to choose their own religion-either Protestant or Catholic

civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

Reflected resentment against the poor, uncertainties about religious truth; resulted in death of over 100,000 Europeans between 1590 and 1650; particularly common in Protestant areas.

an era between 16th and 18th centuries when scientists began doing research in a new way using the scientific method

Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543)

Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars

English physician and scientist who described the circulation of the blood

French philosopher and mathematician

English mathematician and physicist

the form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation

English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)

a system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power

king of France from 1643 to 1715

the revolution against James II

Originated in England and Holland, 17th century, with kings partially checked by significant legislative powers in parliaments.

king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786

a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions

Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790)

English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women

Spanish writer best remembered for 'Don Quixote' which satirizes chivalry and influenced the development of the novel form (1547-1616)

Related disciplines that study various aspects of human social behavior

1733, a Brit who invented the fly shuttle. Made it possible for one person instead of two to operate a loom in textile manufacturing. It increased the output of woven material and therefore also the demand for yarn.

the form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation

Used her journal to suggest that men might be partly to blame for women's lowly position.

Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism.

Arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic church. They were posted on October 31, 1517.

French philosopher who was a leading figure of the Enlightenment in France

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

Italian poet (born in France) (1313-1375)

teachings of Martin Luther emphasizing the cardinal doctrine of justification by faith alone

ridiculed institutions (such as clergy) through use of gross humor

the art of sorcery

spread Enlightenment ideas to educated people all over the world

Two ideas that fueled revolution in America and Europe. It was a call for individual human rights