AP World History: Tang and Song Dynasties

Period of instability Weak trade due to simultaneous collapse of Rome

Strong, centralized gov't Public works projects: Palace and granary construction, repair o defensive walls, demanded labor for Grand Canal

Public works projects required massive labor recruitments, especially building of the Grand Canal, caused peasant rebellion and resentment

Labor resenment and high taxation caused tensions Sui Yangdi assassinated and dynasty ended

Confucian policies allowed it to have a stable government Adopted confucian edu action system from Ha Dynasty

Low rice price, low peasant taxes

1. Transportation and communication network: Grand Canal, great roads 2. Equal Field System 3. Reliance on Bureaucracy of Merit

Weak leaders who focused on luxury than the general population Nomadic pressure from north from the Mongols; nomads raided Chinese silk and paper and sold them for food, weakening of equal-field system and land distribution problems, not enough revenue to run large bureaucracy

Westward expansion protected silk roads from nomads b/c silk was more valuable outside of China and they had to protect their trading rights

Centralized imperial rule Very large bureaucracy Emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and arts than the military

Distrusted military Saw as source of revolt Not powerful military

Smaller than the Tang and established more in the south for protection against nomads/Mongols

Barbaric, felt superior

Inefficient military: Scholars couldn't run military Too much paper money: inflation Lost northern half of empire to nomads Peasant rebellion from taxation; Needed revenue to run large bureaucracy

Fast-ripening rice Naval technologies Gunpowder (secret military advantage) Porcelain=Large amount of wealth Magnetic compass= navigational aid that assisted exploration Letters of credit (flying cash) Paper money Moveable type printer

Market economy: Economy system in which population determines prices High demands=high prices

-Both were tributary states to China -Maintained own government but paid tribute (taxes and gifts) to Chinese emperors -Helped connect China and Japan; Korea never developed bureaucracy of merit-kept royal houses -Adapted Chinese court and bureaucracy and Confucian traditions; interest in Buddhism

More tense relationship than with Korea Vietnams developed Chinese administration and bureaucracy Adopted Buddhism and Confucianism

Facilitated trade between northern and southern China; brought rice and other products from Yangzi River Valley in the north to other regions

-Based on number of family members and fertility of land -Equal distribution of land to all based on recipient's needs; 1/5 of land was hereditary

Population increase; not enough land Difficulty breaking power of large landowners

-Made its way to China via Silk Roads -Received hostility from Daoism and Confucianism: anti-Buddhist campaign that attacked Buddhism for economic and political power it obtained -Persecuted against, but survived due to popularity

Blending of Buddhist and Confucian values Individual self-improvement, strive and perfect oneself

By gifting nomads with silk to keep peace

Song Dynasty

Song Dynasty

Secured better marriage Increased restriction of freedom of women