AP World History Chapter 11 Strayer

Major Turkic Muslim state established in northern India in 1206

Islamic mystics, many of whom were important missionaries of Islam in conquered lands and who were revered as saints

A significant syncretic religion that evolved in India, blending elements of Islam and Hinduism. Founded by Guru Nanak

Islamic religious scholars

Great city of West Africa, noted as the center of Islamic scholarship in the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries

Islamic law, dealing with all of matters of both secular and religious life

Sufi teachers who attracted a circle of disciples and often founded individual schools of Sufism

The most famous European traveler of the Middle Ages whose travel account of his time in China was widely popular in Europe

The first our rulers of the Islamic world after the death of Muhammad

The most holy text of Islam, recording the revelations given to the prophet Muhammad

Christians who adopted much of Arabic culture and observed many Muslim practices without actually converting to Islam

The Prophet of Islam (570-632ce)

The five core practices required of Muslims a profession of faith, regular prayer, charitable giving, fasting during Ramadan and a pilgrimage to Mecca

Key pilgrimage center in Arabia that became the birthplace of Islam

The name adopted by Muhammad and his followers to describe their submission to God

Leaders with high authority; the twelve imams of early Shia Islam were Muhammad's nephew Ali and his descendents

Formal colleges for higher instruction in the teachings of Islam as well as in secular subjects, founded throughout the Islamic world

The spiritual striving of each Muslim towards godly life and armed struggle against the forces of unbelief and evil

Great stone shrine in Mecca that was a major pilgrimage center for worshipers of many deities before it was reconsecrated to monotheistic use

Special tax paid by dhimmis in Muslim-ruled territory in return for freedom to practice their own religion

An academic center for research and translation of foreign texts that was established in Baghdad by the Abbasid caliph al-Mamun

One of the greatest polymaths of the Islamic world, a Persian who wrote prolifically on scientific and philosophical issues

The pilgrimage to Mecca enjoined on every Muslim who is able to make the journey

The flight of Muhammad and his original seventy followers from Mecca to Yathrib

Traditions past on about the sayings or actions of Muhammad and his immediate followers