industrialization
The growing or birth of production
Monroe Doctrine
The proclamation that prevented European nations from colonizing in the Americas
Opium War
The war that led Western imperialism in China
Social Darwinism
The belief that one achieves more than others by genetic or biological superiority
nationalism
Devotion to the culture of a nation
Factory system
A method of manufacturing adopted in England during the Industrial Revolution.
Meiji Restoration
A change in political control of Japan whereby the emperor regained his political power.
pogroms
Meaning "wreaking of havoc" in Russian, this was a massive violent attack on a particular ethnic or religious group with simultaneous destruction of their environment.
Congress of Vienna
European meeting after Napoleon's defeat to try and restore political stability and settle diplomatic disputes
zaibatsu
Huge industrial combines created in Japan in the 1890s as part of the process of industrialization
radical
A person who believe in the democratic movement that called for liberalism and extended personal rights and freedoms
Toussaint L'Ouverture
a leader of the Haitian revolt against France
caudillos
military juntas or governments
Miguel Hidalgo
Creole priest in Mexico who led rebellion against Spain
Sino-Japanese War
war fought between China and Japan over Korea from 1894 to 1895
Simon Bolivar
Creole military leader who fought for Colombian independence between 1817 and 1822
Duma
Something like parliament but has no real power, every time they tried to make change, czar disbanded them.
Creoles
People of Iberian Peninsular descent who were born in Latin America
Liberal
A person willing to respect or accept behavior or opinions different from one's own..
Conservative
A person not changing or innovating, holding on to traditional values.
Crimean War
a war between Russia and a group of nations including England, France, Turkey and Sardinia from1853 to1856
Tokugawa Shogunate
Family of warlords who seized control of Japan in 1600s.
Diet
Parliamentary legislative body that had no real power in Japan.
Socialism
Idea that economic competition is inherently unfair and leads to injustice/inequality
Communism
A forced idea of socialism that is ideally perfect with regards to justice and social equality
Romanticism
Most important - emotion/passion, more self expression, Self-realization of the individual, heroism, love of the natural world
Taping Rebellion
Rebellion initiated by Hong Xiuquan to overthrow the Manchurians and establish the kingdom of Heaven in China..
Boxer Rebellion
Violent movement against non-Chinese commercial, political, religious and technological influence in China during the final years of the 19th century.
Boer War
The name given to the South African Wars of 1880-1 and 1899-1902, that were fought between the British and the descendants of the Dutch settlers (Boers) in Africa.
Suez Canal
a ship canal in northeastern Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea
Socialist Revolution
A proletarian revolt inspired by the ideas of Karl Marx
Proto-industrialization
Preliminary shift away from an agricultural economy
Feminist Movement
Sought legal and democratic gains for women such as equal access to education, right to vote, professions in workplace
Triple Alliance
Alliance between Germany, Austri-Hungary and Italy at end of 19th century
Triple Entente
Agreement between Britain, Russia, and France in 1907
partition
a division of property among joint owners or tenants in common or a sale of such property followed by a division of the proceeds
Benito Juarez
Indian lawyer and politician who led a liberal revolution against Santa Ana
Profirio Diaz
A general in Juarez' army who was elected as president of Mixico and ruled for 35 years
tropical dependencies
Western European possessions in Africa, Asia, and South Pacific where small number of Europeans ruled large indigenous populations
gunboat diplomacy
diplomatic relations involving the use or threat of military force
Modernization Theory
summarize modern transformations of social life
Ottoman Society for Union and Progress
a secret circle of liberal-minded students in the imperial military medical school in Constantinople (now Istanbul) who aspired to overthrow the autocratic regime of Sultan Abdülhamit II.
Holy Alliance
Alliance between Russia, Prussia and Austria to defend the established order.
Anarchists
Political group that sought the absolution of formal government as a way of creating a better society.
Bolsheviks
Most radical group of the Russian Marxists movement
democracy
A form of government that represents the people
Intelligentisia
Russian term for articulate intellectuals as a class
Trans-Siberian Railroad
Connected European Russia with the Pacific Ocean
radicalism
democratic movement that called for liberalism and extended rights