Western Europe in the Renaissance saw
A decline in serfdom
The commercial and military association known as the Hansa or Hanseatic League was created by
North German coastal towns
The Renaissance figure in the following list who was NOT a leading painter:
Michelangelo
Petrarch
Raphael
da Vinci
Botticelli
Petrarch
This was NOT one of the five major powers that dominated the fifteenth-century Italian peninsula
Mantua
Renaissance humanists in Italy
Had occupations in schools and universities or as secretaries in city-states or at the courts of princes or popes
In the late fifteenth century, Italy became a battleground for the competing interests of the rulers of
Spain and France
The wealth of the northern Italian cities that funded the Renaissance was gained mostly from
Trade
The popes of the Renaissance did not do this
Attempt to return the papacy to more humble times
The most prominent and famous of Italian ruling woman was
Isabella d'Este
This is NOT a characteristic of the Northern Renaissance artists
Value of the secular human form as the primary subject of painting
This best describes marriages in Renaissance Italy
Marriages we're usually arranged, to strengthen familial ties
Propertyless workers and the unemployed constituted what percentage of the population living in cities
30-40%
Banquets during the Renaissance
We're used to express wealth and power of an aristocratic family
This was one of the foremost preoccupations of Italian Renaissance art
The realistic portrayal of the human nude
Slavery in Renaissance Italy
Saw slaves from Africa and the eastern Mediterranean used mostly as courtly domestic servants and as skilled workers
This Italian prince was an example of a skilled, intelligent, independent warrior prince
Federigo da Montefeltro of Urbino
The sultan responsible for the capture of Constantinople in 1453
Mehmet II
The "new monarchs" of the late fifteenth century in Europe
Were focused upon the acquisition and expansion of power
The word Renaissance means
Rebirth
The Third Estate of the fifteenth century was
Overwhelmingly made up of peasants
John Wyclif criticized the Church for
Not letting people read the Bible in the vernacular
According to Jacob Burckhardt, the Renaissance in Italy represented
A distinct break from the Middle Ages and the true birth of the modern world
This was NOT true of industries in fifteenth-century Italy
The Florentine woolen industry never recovered from the economic depression of the fourteenth century
This individual was the author of The Book of the Courtier, a handbook on courtly manners
Baldassare Castiglione
Pico della Mirandola's Oration on the Dignity of Man stated that humans
Could be whatever they chose or willed
The aristocracy of the sixteenth century
Dominated over society as it had done in the Middle Ages
Machiavelli's The Prince advocates that a successful ruler must
Act without scruples for the good of the state
All of the following monarchs were successful in continuing the centralization of their "new monarchies" except
Maximilian I of the Holy Roman Empire
This artist painted The Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci
This artist painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo
Which ancient writer was considered by civic humanists as their model
Cicero
The liberal education taught by Vittorino da Feltre had the primary goal of
Creating well rounded, virtuous, and ethical citizens
In Concerning Character, Pietro Paolo Vergerio argued that liberal studies led to
True freedom
In Renaissance Italy the importance of the family helps to explain
The policy of retaliation involved in the vendetta
Which pair of artists both sculpted a likeness of David
Donatello and Michelangelo
Johannes Gutenberg was a key developer of
The moveable type printing press
Marriages in Renaissance Italy
Were an economic necessity of life involving complicated family negotiations
The Family of merchants and bankers who dominated Florence during the high point of the Renaissance was
The Medici family
Humanism's main effect on the writing of history was
The secularization of the writing of history and the explanation of change over time
The Byzantine Empire was finally destroyed in 1453 by the
Ottoman Turks
The development of printing in the fifteenth century
Ensured that literacy and new knowledge would spread rapidly in European society
This literary work of the Renaissance contained writings on the occult as well as theological and philosophical speculations
Corpus Hermeticum
The War of the Roses was a civil war in
England
The first Italian humanist knowledge of Greek was
Leonardo Bruni
The Peace of Lodi served to
Maintain peace between the Italian States for 40 years
After 1438, the position of the Holy Roman remained in the hands of the
Hapsburg dynasty
The Italian Renaissance was primarily
A recovery of antiquity and Greco-Roman culture
The Renaissance papacy
Was often seen as corrupt and debauched, as evidenced by Alexander VI
The Book of the Courtier
A popular handbook laying out new skills in politics, the arts, and personal comportment expected of Renaissance aristocrats
These monarchs filled their royal council with middle-class lawyers instead of aristocrats, expelled all professed Jews from Spain, reorganized the military forces of Spain, and conquered the last Muslim kingdom of Granada
Ferdinand and Isabella
