After a coup d'etat in Spain overthrew the government, Augustin de Iturbide proclaimed
(Mexico's independence and made himself emperor.)
Haiti's independence and made himself emperor.
Argentina's independence and made himself emperor.
Brazil's independence and made himself emperor.
Read the quote by Raphael Lemkin.
[Genocide is the] criminal intent to destroy or to cripple permanently a human group. The acts are directed against groups as such, and individuals are selected for destruction only because they belong to these groups.
—Raphael Lemkin
What is most significant about this quote by Raphael Lemkin?
Raphael Lemkin's definition was the accepted version.
(Raphael Lemkin was the first person to use the word "genocide.")
Raphael Lemkin spoke these words on his death bed.
Raphael Lemkin spoke these words to the United Nations in 1945.
Notes:
-Raphael Lemkin coined the word "genocide" before the world knew the horrors of Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Bergen-Belsen and Dachau.
-Lemkin identified Hitler's abominable intention, and labelled it "genocide", a hybrid word consisting of the Greek prefix genos, meaning race, and the Latin suffix cide, meaning killing.
Which statement most accurately answers why the Europeans in the Caribbean felt the need to bring in enslaved Africans as laborers?
(Europeans grew crops like coffee and sugar that could yield a high profit, but required many laborers.)
The Europeans' labor-intensive crops required laborers that already understood how to work with coffee and sugar.
Disease had decimated the American Indian population, and the Caribbean plantations required more workers to perform hard labor.
Disease had physically weakened the American Indian workers, and the Caribbean plantations required stronger laborers.
In the 1930s, Germany first began to expand aggressively by
invading Russia.
(rebuilding the German military.)
joining German forces with Italy.
making a pact with China.
Read the passage from a speech by Winston Churchill.
"An iron curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe . . . all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and, in many cases, increasing measure of control from Moscow [the Soviet capital]."
-Winston Churchill,
March 5, 1946
Which of the following most accurately restates what Churchill was saying?
The world needs to maintain peaceful relations with the nations of Central and Eastern Europe.
(The Soviet Union has taken control of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.)
People who live in cities in Central and Eastern Europe have begun to use iron curtains.
The United States should invade Central and Eastern Europe to stop the spread of communism
What is the definition of globalization?
X a unification of developed countries with a central goal
(a connection between countries to improve business and trading)
X a dependence of one country on another for economic reasons
a development of markets for goods and services in different countries
Which statement describes Ayatollah Khomeini?
He served as the last shah of Iran.
He became the first president of Turkey.
He helped found the Muslim Brotherhood.
(He declared Iran to be an Islamic republic.)
In the postwar period, disillusionment influenced the work of many artists and writers, prompting them to question and examine
the purpose of art.
human progress.
(the meaning of life.)
war's inevitability.
During the Cultural Revolution, why were people sent to "re-education" camps?
to be punished for committing a crime.
to learn how to follow the rules of society.
to be punished for believing in communism.
(to learn to become good Communists.)
One of Galileo's contributions to science was
creating the coordinate plane system.
developing the scientific method.
(improving the telescope.)
inventing the astrolabe.
Unequal distribution of wealth means that land and money are controlled by
a small number of people.
(government officials.)
a large number of people.
private business groups.
The Four Modernizations helped China prosper by focusing on what areas? Check all that apply.
(industry)
(defense)
(agriculture)
(science)
What does it mean when World War I is referred to as a "total war"?
Many aspects of society were obliterated during the war.
Everyone had to serve in the military.
(The aim of each side was to destroy the other side completely.)
The war efforts needed the participation of as many people as possible.
Why did the Allies attack civilian and military targets in Japan?
to demoralize the population
to inspire the population to rebel against the government
(to force the Japanese government to negotiate for peace)
to cause as much damage as possible
After becoming president in 1934, Lázaro Cárdenas tried to fulfill the ideals of the constitution by taking which actions? Check all that apply.
(nationalizing oil and railroad industries)
(improving education in rural areas)
(implementing new welfare reforms)
(redistributing land to the peasants)
This is correct; got answers from notes
How did the United States respond to the crisis in West Berlin in 1948-1949?
It withdrew its armed forces from West Berlin.
It signed a peace treaty with the Soviet Union.
It insisted that East and West Germany be united.
(It organized an airlift to send supplies to West Berlin.)
Which event sparked the protest movement known as the Arab Spring?
Free speech was declared illegal in Iran.
Ayatollah Khomeini became the ruler of Iran.
(A young man tragically killed himself in Tunisia.)
The six states of the Arabian peninsula united.
Napoleon adhered to which Enlightenment principle?
A government that doesn't protect people's rights can be overthrown.
(Social reform is necessary to ensure that people support a government.)
The monarchy can play a significant role in a well-organized government.
People whose rights aren't protected by their government will emigrate.
Read the following quotation from Catholic bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet at the court of Louis XIV.
Rulers then act as the ministers of God and as his lieutenants on earth. It is through them that God exercises his empire. . . . Consequently, as we have seen, the royal throne is not the throne of a man, but the throne of God himself.
Who would most likely have disagreed with the bishop's point of view?
(a French aristocrat)
a bishop who was not a member of the royal court
a member of the British Parliament
an absolute monarch from Spain or Russia
Who was Giuseppe Garibaldi?
the first leader of Italy after unification
a leader who freed Italy from Austria
X the leader of the group Young Italy
(a nationalist leader of southern Italy)
At "show" trials during the Great Purge, suspects often
(confessed to crimes they could not have possibly committed.)
admitted to crimes the secret police saw them commit.
X received no punishment because the trials were not real.
faced torture if they lied while a judge questioned them.
A common terrorist belief is that the terrorist group can
use intimidation to achieve a political objective.
Terrorism can have global effects because it
negatively impacts trade and tourism.
What is significant about Angela Merkel's position as chancellor of Germany?
She's considered one of the most powerful people in the world.
She's the first chancellor from West Germany.
Correct Answer: (She's the first woman to become the chancellor of Germany.)
She's made the German economy one of the weakest in Europe.
Notes: Next we have Angela Merkel, who was the first female chancellor of Germany.
What caused Britain to begin considering India's desire for independence?
Gandhi's death
the end of World War II
the Salt March
(economic collapse)
Throughout European history, Jews were forced to lived in segregated communities called
(ghettos)
synagogues
camps
suburbs
The most likely reason why Napoleon could be classified as an enlightened monarch was because
he declared himself an enlightened monarch.
(he implemented certain enlightenment ideals.)
X the Pope blessed him as an enlightened monarch.
in comparison to his predecessor, he was enlightened.
The Nuremberg Laws identified a Jew as someone who
went to synagogue every week.
celebrated the Jewish holy days.
(had Jewish ancestors.)
X had traveled to Palestine.
The Cold War was a time best characterized by which word?
warfare
X understanding
(tension)
cooperation
Read the message below from the Russian tsar to his cousin, the German kaiser.
"An ignoble [not noble] war has been declared to a weak country. The indignation [outrage] in Russia shared fully by me is enormous. I foresee that very soon I shall be overwhelmed by the pressure forced upon me and be forced to take extreme measures which will lead to war. To try and avoid such a calamity as a European war I beg you in the name of our old friendship to do what you can to stop your allies from going too far."
- Telegram from Tsar Nicholas II to German Kaiser Wilhelm II, 1914
Which of the following best describes the tsar's message?
He worries that the coming war will be blamed on Russia.
(He believes that warfare is immoral.)
He complains about the pressures he is facing from Britain for war.
He fears Russia will be forced into war by forces outside his control.
Why did John Calvin write the Institutes of the Christian Religion?
to refute the teachings of Martin Luther
to defend a king's right to an annulment
to support the practices of the Catholic Church
(to explain the Reformation and Protestant beliefs)
Indira Gandhi was assassinated because
of her controversial religious views
found in notes
How did government policies in Darfur contribute to the genocide there?
The Sudan government sponsored concentration camps in Darfur.
The Sudan government sponsored deportations of non-Arabs in Darfur.
The Sudan government sponsored the destruction of farms in Darfur.
(The Sudan government sponsored the killing of non-Arabs in Darfur.)
The main goal of Zionism was to
assimilate Jews into other cultures.
increase Arab residents in Palestine.
(establish a Jewish homeland.)
fight against anti-Semitism.
A kamikaze was a pilot who loaded his aircraft with bombs and
flew it to an enemy ship, where he surrendered.
(deliberately crashed it into an enemy ship.)
tried to escape from a battle without his comrades' knowledge.
deliberately crashed it into the empty ocean.
Which is most challenging for developing countries?
large aging populations
(economic and employment issues)
social and environmental issues
outsourcing of jobs to nearby areas
What is the best description of the events of Bloody Sunday in Russia in the early 1900s?
Russian citizens stopped fighting between striking workers.
(Russian soldiers fired on a group of peaceful protestors.)
Russian citizens rioted in the streets to oppose the tsar.
Russian soldiers participated in a fierce battle in World War I.
Following the end of military rule, Chile
(elected a civilian government.)
descended into civil war.
elected a socialist president.
created a new constitution.
When stock prices began to fall in the United States, how did Americans react?
(Brokers tried to sell stocks, but no one wanted to buy them.)
Many people scrambled to buy stocks on margin.
People wanted to buy stocks, but there were none left to buy.
Brokers remained confident that prices would rise again.
Why did Philip II of Spain want to invade England?
to spread Protestantism in England
to spread the teachings of the Reformation
(to restore Catholic rule in England)
to make his son the king of England
Which describes Juscelino Kubitschek, who began ruling Brazil in 1955?
(He was the first president elected by the people.)
He was the first president elected by the legislature.
He was the first president appointed by the military.
He was the first president appointed by the judiciary.
How did the Treaty of Versailles help pave the way for the Nazi party to gain control of Germany?
by limiting the territory of Germany
by making the German people pay for the war
by assigning Germany total responsibility for the war
(by creating resentment and anger among the German people)
The Basques are an example of an ethnic group, because they
live in an area in northern Spain.
(have a common language and religion.)
wish to separate into their own country.
have their own government and laws.
Which term best describes Russia's transition to a market economy?
compromised
successful
(difficult)
corrupt
The name of the city of St. Petersburg was changed following the Russian Revolution
(to remember a tsar who had triumphantly led Russia.)
to celebrate the leader of the Bolsheviks now in power.
to honor a fallen soldier who had fought valiantly during the civil war.
to recognize a general who led the Red Army in a three-year conflict.
What was a result of European settlement in South Africa in the early 1900's?
A new constitution denied settlers the right to vote.
South African society became desegregated.
(Black South Africans had no representation.)
The settlers created a democratic republic.
In the era before the Industrial Revolution, the expectation was that women would
share work, take care of the home, and children with their husbands in order to make enough to survive.
(marry and stay at home to take care of the home and the children while their husbands worked.)
marry, have children, and manage the help that took care of the home and children while their husbands worked.
work alongside their husbands while someone else took care of the home and the children to make enough to survive.
What was the result when a military coup seized power in Ghana?
The government finally stabilized.
(Civilian rule was abolished for good.)
Nkrumah became stronger than ever.
Government instability increased.
The South African student protest of 1976 was
held in response to a new housing law.
(met with violence by the government.)
an isolated incident that had little effect.
an example of a move to armed rebellion.
Which phrase best describes the leader of a totalitarian government?
(opposed to education)
highly charismatic
responsive to public opinion
determined to protect personal rights
Which of the following words best describes the level of support the United States gave to South Vietnam during the Vietnam War?
(moderate)
minimal
significant
begrudging
What were negative aspects of Joseph Stalin's first Five-Year Plan? Check all that apply.
decline of infrastructure
+shortage of consumer goods
waste and inefficiency
setbacks to modernization
use of enslaved laborers
Around 1900, European nations built up their military forces, formed alliances, and expanded their colonial holdings in their efforts to
force their enemies to start wars.
(maintain a balance of power.)
put a conscription system in place.
end the spirit of militarism.
Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 because
Manchuria had refused to make peace with Japan.
Japan wanted to take back lands that belonged to it.
(Japan wanted raw materials and natural resources.)
Manchuria had invaded Japan during World War I.
