The Mandate of Heaven and Confucius: Crash Course World History

First modern state- centralized government, and a corps of bureaucrats who would execute the wishes of that government.

150 BCE to 1911 CE

Dynasties

Ruled by a king or an emperor who comes from a continuous ruling family

Founded her own dynasty. Ruled first as regent in 683 CE, became empress in 690 CE, deposed in 705 CE

Shang Dynasy

Zhou Dynasty

The political chaos which came from the overthrow of the shang dynasty

When the Qin emperor was able to extend his power over most of the warring states

Han Dynasty

Set the pattern for most of China's history

206 BCE to 220 CE Almost 400 years

Fell into political chaos again

The Three Kingdoms Period

- The Three Kingdoms were made up of three kingdoms Wei, Shu and Wu as a single dynasty - Originated in 220 AD when Wei replaced the Eastern Han Dynasty (25 AD-220 AD) and ended in 280 AD when the Wu was defeated by the Court of Jin.

Sui Dynasty

- (581-618 CE) - Short-lived imperial dynasty of China of pivotal significance - Unified the Northern and Southern dynasties - Reinstalled the rule of ethnic Han Chinese in the entire China proper - Along with sinicization of former nomadic ethnic minorities within its territory.

- (618-907 CE) - Imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty - It was founded by the Lǐ family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire - The dynasty was briefly interrupted when Empress Wu Zetian seized the throne, proclaiming the Second Zhou dynasty (690-705) and becoming the only Chinese empress regnant.

- (960-1271 CE) - Had the first government in world history to issue banknotes or true paper money nationally - The first Chinese government to establish a permanent standing navy - This dynasty also saw the first known use of gunpowder - As well as the first understanding of true north using a compass.

- (1271-1368 CE) - Yuan Dynasty was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan - Although the Mongols had ruled territories including today's North China for decades - It was not until 1271 that Kublai Khan officially proclaimed the dynasty in the traditional Chinese style.

(1351-1368) Uprising influenced by the White Lotus Society members that targeted the ruling Yuan dynasty of China, eventually leading to its overthrowing.

(1368-1644) A major dynasty that ruled China from the mid-fourteenth to the mid-seventeenth century. It was marked by a great expansion of Chinese commerce into East Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia.

(1644-1911) The Chinese dynasty (from 246 BC to 206 BC) that established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall

- Concept dates from Zhou Dynasty - Divine intervention based on whether the ruler behaves in a proper, upright manner - Reinforces a vision of moral behavior that is a cornerstone of Confucianism

- Minor official who lived during the Warring states period - Developed a philosophical and political system he hoped would lead to a more stable state and society

the teachings of Confucius emphasizing love for humanity; high value given to learning and to devotion to family (including ancestors); peace; justice; influenced the traditional culture of China

Virtue of respect for one's parents and ancestors

(Starting from most important to least) 1) Ruler to Subject 2) Father to Son 3) Elder Brother to Younger Brother 4) Husband to Wife 5) Friend to Friend

- "Propriety" - Understanding and practicing proper behaviors in every possible situation (relates back to the 5 relationships)

- "Ritual" - Refers to rituals with Chinese religion, most of which involve the veneration (great respect) of ancestors