Over the past 25 years, management has emerged as the most sought after profession not only in the United States, but worldwide. Traditionally, managers orchestrate the activities of others and use financial and other resources to accomplish organizational goals.
Nowadays, in the midst of corporate downsizing and global expansion, they also must orchestrate their own careers to get the most out of them. Are you a good ideas person looking for skills to make them happen? Do you lead a group in your school or community? Then Management may be the right major for you. There are thousands of management positions in the United States, ranging from chief executive officer (CEO) to shift supervisor. Persons filling these positions are involved in administration, supervision, and leadership. While the positions vary, the managers occupying them employ the same basic skills in carrying out their functions.
Interpersonal skills are essential. At certain levels and in certain situations conceptual, technical, analytical, and diagnostic skills are also essential. During the early-career stage, the first challenge will be to get into an industry, company, and position that fit the needs, values, strengths, and weaknesses of the management candidate. During this time, a person attempts to gain valuable experience and increase his or her power in the organization.
Paying attention to developing business knowledge, reputation, interpersonal skills, and informal networks are more important than getting rapid promotions and big pay raises. Persons with limited work experience must cope with longer hours, fewer vacations, more pressure to perform, and difficult coworkers and bosses. However, being given the opportunities to grow and develop will be much more important during this time than short-term benefits. Such opportunities can sharpen professional and social skills plus develop the manager's ability to deal successfully with organizational politics. The Management students come from diverse backgrounds, and the classes provide an opportunity to explore and develop skills for serving as leaders in a diverse workforce in a multi-cultural world with jobs in a variety of organizations over their careers.
We study management as a social process, teamwork in diverse groups, as a distinct entity, a system of authority, it is universal in character, it is needed at all levels, a discipline, and is referred to an integrated process. It is a social process, since the efforts of human beings have to be directed, coordinated and regulated by management. Moreover management has a social obligation to make optimum utilization of scarce resources for the benefit of the community as a whole, "It is the pervasiveness of this human element that gives management its special characters a social process." By Brech Management always refers to group efforts and does not apply to an individual. Appley calls it "efforts of other people," while Harold Koontz speaks of " informally organized groups." Sir Charles Renold refers it as " agency of a community" Massie calls it "cooperative group.
" Management is used in reference to the efforts of the group because the goals and objectives of an enterprise can be easily and effectively attained by a group rather than by an individual. Group efforts in management are always directed towards the achievement of predetermined objectives. These objectives are the final goals of an enterprise towards which all management activities have to be oriented. According to Theo Haiman "effective management is always management by objectives." " Effective management is extremely difficult to attain without definite objective." by Terry.
" Management must set objectives without objectives management would be difficult if not impossible." By Haynes and Massie. It's a distinct entity. "Management is a separate and distinct entity.
" It is different from the activities, techniques and procedures. The process of management consists of such functions as planning, organizing staffing, directing, coordinating, motivating and controlling. It is a system of authority, which implies hierarchy of command and control. "In a very real sense, management is a rule making and rule enforcing body, and within itself it is bound together by a web of relationship between superiors and subordinates." Since management is a process of directing men to perform a task, authority to accomplish the work from others is implied in the very concept of management.
Authority presupposes a right to give order and power to get them executed. Management is universal in character i.e. it is applicable in all types of organization whether they are business, social, religious, cultural, sports, education, and politics. Fayol contributed certain principles of management, which applied in more or less in every situation. He observed "be it a case of Commerce, Politics, Religion, War… in every concern there is management functions to be performed.
Management is needed at all levels of the organization, i.e. top level, middle level, and supervisory level. The lowest level of supervisor has also to perform the functions of decision making just like the high level executives. The only difference is of the nature of task and scope of authority.
It is a discipline i.e. it has organized body of knowledge, principles, and techniques. It is taught in colleges and universities like other disciplines such as economics, sociology, psychology, and political science. Thus it is also used to describe a field of learning and its scope and status is bound to increase in the times to come. It is an integrated process.
The essence of management is integration of human and other resources in a manner that leads to effective performance. All these resources are made available to those who manage. Managers applied knowledge, experience and principles for getting the results. It seeks to harmonize the individual goals with organizational goals.
Management is a technique of exacting work from others in an integrated and coordinated manner for realizing the specific objectives through productive use of material resources. In whatever we choose to go if we want to apply for a job we must have the skills to manage the work that will be given to us. "Management is the art of knowing what you want to do………. in the best and the cheapest way." A process that can broadly be termed storytelling is potentially a means of encouraging student commitment to and understanding of the issues that managers face in their social, political, and ecological environments.
The developmental objectives are to enhance student's abilities to understand and manage behaviors in and of organization. The internships that require students to work for concentrated periods of time in business or organizational settings as part of the educational program helps the students a lot. Word Count: 1077
