Industrial engineering is how to design, process, and install manufacturing system and industrial management in order to get a good performance. Industrial Engineering is concerned with the design, improvement and installation of integrated system of men, materials and equipment. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skills in the mathematical, physical sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtained from such system.
The prime objective of industrial engineering are to increase the productivity, eliminating waste and non-value added activities, and improving the effective utilization of resources. Industrial Engineering plays a pivotal role in meeting the challenges. The challenges are to produce goods Of right quantity, quality, in time and at minimum cost. Efforts to apply science to the design of processes and of production systems were made by many people in the 18th and 19th centuries.They took some time to evolve and to be humanities into disciplines that we would label with names such as industrial engineering, production engineering, or systems engineering.
For example, precursors to industrial engineering included some aspects of military science; the quest to develop manufacturing using interchangeable parts; the development of the armory system of manufacturing; the work of Henry Payola and colleagues (which grew into a larger movement called Foolish); and the work of Frederick Winslow Taylor and colleagues (which grew into a larger movement called scientific management).In the late 1 9th century, such efforts began to inform consultancy and higher education. The idea of consulting with experts about process engineering naturally evolved into the idea of teaching the concepts as curriculum. Industrial engineering courses were taught by multiple universities in Europe at the end of the 19th century, including in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Spain. [l] In the united States, the first department of industrial and manufacturing engineering was established in 1909 at the Pennsylvania State University.
The iris doctoral degree in industrial engineering was awarded in the 1 9305 by Cornell University. In general it can be said that the foundations of industrial engineering as it looks today, began to be built in the twentieth century. The first half of the century was characterized by an emphasis on increasing efficiency and reducing industrial organizations their costs. In 1909, Frederick Taylor published his theory of scientific management, which included accurate analysis of human labor, systematic definition of methods, tools and training for employees.Taylor dealt in time using timers, set standard times and managed to increase productivity while reducing labor costs and increasing the wages and salaries Of the employees.
In 1912 Henry Laurence Gaunt developed the Gaunt chart which outlines actions the organ action along with their relationships. This chart opens later form familiar to us today by Wallace Clark. Assembly lines: moving car factory of Henry F-rod (1913) accounted for a significant leap forward in the field. Ford reduced the assembly time of a car more than 700 hours to 1.
5 hours.In addition, he was pioneer of the economy of the capitalist welfare ("welfare capitalism") and the flag of providing financial incentives for employees to increase productivity. Comprehensive quality management system (TTS) developed in the forties was gaining momentum after World War II and was part of the recovery of Japan after the war. In 1960 to 1975, with the development of decision support systems in supply such as the MR., you can emphasize the timing issue (inventory, production, compounding, transportation, etc. ) of industrial organization.
Israeli scientist Dry.Jacob Revolution installed the CAMS program developed in III and Control-Data (Israel) in 1976 in South Africa and worldwide. In the seventies, with the penetration of Japanese management theories such as Kamikaze and Kanata West, was transferred to highlight issues of quality, delivery time, and flexibility. In the nineties, following the global industry globalization process, the emphasis was on supply chain management, and customer-oriented business process design.
Theory of Constraints developed by an Israeli scientist Alleluia M. Goldwater (1985) is also a significant milestone in the field.
