This paper aims to provide a connection between various approaches in parenting and its effect on the development of the children, specifically the development of aggression and a negative outlook towards different things in his life. It aims to explain how different parenting approaches reciprocate with the development of their children’s personality and how they will respond to various stimuli in the society. A person’s childhood is a very crucial point in his life, since it is the point where he develops his preferences and his views concerning his society.
That is why parenting at this stage should suit the situation, in order to facilitate for the proper development of the child’s emotions and other aspects in his well-being and personal health, and in order to lessen the occurrence of the development of aggression. Discussion According to Zubrick, et al, “Parenting is a process that results in change for both the child and the parent and highlights the active participation of the developing child in the process (Zubrick et al. , 2006). ” They consider the parenting concept as an important facilitator of the development of children.Responsible parenting doesn’t have to end with providing the necessary materials or means in order for the child to live in a safe and sustaining environment, but should also provide the opportunities that would induce and guide them in their development.
Parents should basically provide all the essential materials that are needed in a growing child. The findings came from a report published in a book, “Growing Up in Australia,” wherein it shows that there is a large number of parents are doing their job properly in raising their children and caring for their families.It showed the relationship between the efficiency of parents and the functioning of their children, wherein it was established that parents who devote a great deal of effort when it comes to parenting results to the better functioning of their infants. What came up was that the family parenting and characteristics are essential for the development of children, wherein parenting practices play a great role in doing so. When it comes to children’s development, there is also a significant effect with regards to parental income, the educational attainment, their jobs, the basic structure of the family, and the well being of the parents.
The outcomes remain the same when it was compared to varying situations: poorer parenting quality eventually leads to a poorer developmental outcome for children and infants tested. The performance of the children solely depends on the upbringing of their parents. According to Dunning, “Every parent develops a unique parenting style from his or her own unique childhood background (Dunning, 2004). ” Parenting is open to variations of addressing the needs of the children.It is more on the experience of the parents; their insights, mistakes and achievements when it comes to parenting. The relationship between parents and their children have been given emphasis.
The differences on approaches of the parents all have the same goal, and that is to raise happy and responsible children, ensuring their success in the future. Understanding the effects of parenting on childhood is seen on a different angel. It is more of a 21st century outlook, wherein the factors in today’s society are being given special considerations.It is also a matter of problem-handling and problem-solving process. Parenting comes up with possible solutions on tackling sensitive topics, and offers various possible solutions on how to solve it.
According to Colman, “Antisocial teenagers tend to have parents who are harsh, inconsistent disciplinarians, according to a study examining links between parenting styles and teen problems (Colman, 2001). ” This is a manifestation of how the parenting styles have led to the formation of a person’s character.He tends to grow a poor, antisocial outlook because of how he was treated by his parents during his young years. The way parents brought up their children can be a basis of what will be their characteristic in the future.
It is essential to invest in the interest of the Childs’s future by proper provisions and punishments. It may depend on the parenting style, but still, in the end, the one is greatly affected is the child. The parents have already developed their personality to the fullest, since they are at their adult stage.But for these youngsters who are at the crucial point of their mental development, any input will be greatly reflected when they come of age. According to Leung, “Results indicated that Australian parents were lower than both Chinese and American parents in academic authoritarianism(Leung et al. , 1998).
” Chinese parents were found to show higher in authoritarianism generally, but lower in academic and authoritativeness: these were shown when two groups of English-speaking people were compared.In comparison, these three cultures have differences in the dominant parenting styles which are being imposed on their children. But associating academic achievement to academic authoritativeness and academic authoritarianism showed no significant relationship either way. According to Stanford University News Service, “The same parenting styles that have been shown to help American teenagers earn good grades and avoid delinquency also may engender ethnic pride in teens who are ethnic minorities (1992).In a comparison of Chinese American and Chinese Australian adolescents, important results have been achieved regarding the outlook of teenagers regarding ethnic minorities.
In a survey of these teenagers, it was gathered that these adolescents take pride in their ethnic roots and heritage when their parents have exerted a certain control and warmth when it comes to the expression of personal opinions and point of views. Ethnic identity is not something that can be learned from low array of resources; it entails great understanding and knowledge of the topic so that comprehension would be possible.Studies have proven that when parents engage or involve in their respective ethnic communities, it affects the adolescent’s sense of community, raising their awareness of the ethnicity of her origin, thus being able to adhere to the customs and behaviors of their ethnic identity and characteristics. The concept of identity of an individual is not very easy to attain, that is why some of the adolescents are having a hard time in doing so; minorities attach their culture in the aspect of having a cultural identity.According to family.
jrank. org, the parenting styles research has a different perspective; it has viewed parental control in a single focal point of interest, from a single dimension. “These ranges from excessive control to insufficient control, but research that began in the early 1990s have focused on distinguishing among different forms of parental control,” that is according to research done on various parents (2002). The primarily distinctions are between psychological control and behavioral control.
It is important to know the extent of the parenting style which is being employed to children, since it could establish a connection between the various controls being employed by parents. It could affect their psychological and behavioral aspects, whether it is a positive or a negative effect. When we talk about behavioral control, this pertains to the rules and regulations which are being employed by the parents to the children. They set restrictions that supervise and manage the children’s activities. This includes parental monitoring, a very relevant concept that should be taken into consideration when it comes to parenting styles.
This is when you monitor the child’s whereabouts; where he goes, what he does and who is he with. This is essential in the case of adolescent kids, since these young adults have the tendency to spend more time with their friends rather than spend more time with their parents. When we talk about psychological control, this refers to the parent’s intrusion in the child’s activities, always telling them what they should or should not do. This includes inducing guilt from the child, withdrawal of love, as they see it; undermining psychosocial development by keeping a close look on the children and hindering their independence.Because of this, the kid doesn’t develop a sense of self respect and personal identity. Because of this, they wouldn’t develop their confidence in themselves, thus causing it uneasy for these people to live their lives to the fullest.
According to Darling, parenting is considered to be a compound doings that includes many detailed behaviors that work individually and together to manipulate child outcomes. “Although specific parenting behaviors, such as spanking or reading aloud, may influence child development, looking at any specific behavior in isolation may be misleading (Darling, 1999). Parenting style is mainly based on the parent’s desire to control their children and mold them into a social individual conforming to the norms of the society. Parenting style describes the normal variations of parenting, wherein they tend to create a certain specific style to suit the needs of their children. There mat be differences in controlling or socializing these children, but still parenting revolves around the concept of teaching and influencing their children, alongside controlling them.Parenting style introduces several important concepts related to parenting.
This includes parental responsiveness and parental demandingness: two contrasting concepts which are both used to explain certain conditions which are evident in parenting and certain parenting styles. Parental responsiveness is considered as parental warmth or supportiveness, wherein parents are open to individuality, self-regulation, and self-assertion by supporting the needs of the child, providing the essential ingredients in their development.Meanwhile, parental demandingness, or what others know as behavioral control, is when parents demand or claims to the children that they must become integrated into the family whole, regarding their demands and the needed efforts to confront or punish the child when they disobey. These also open the doors to various parenting styles.
These are categories wherein we associate the parents to various standards, depending on their demandingness and responsiveness; the extent of which will be the basis of the categories.These parenting styles include the indulgent parenting style, the authoritarian parenting style, the authoritative parenting style, and the uninvolved parenting style. These reflect various situations and occurrences which could be referred to as patterns of values and practices that delineates or dives a distinction between responsiveness and demandingness. Indulgent parents, also known to be permissive, passive or non-directive or participatory parents are more of the responsive type rather than being demanding or claiming ones.They don’t conform to tradition, wherein they do not actually require adult-like behavior, instead, encourage self-regulation and usually avoids confrontation or punishing the child.
They are further broken down into the democratic parents, who are the one more engaged and committed with the upbringing of their children, and the other branch is for the nondirective parents who are considered to be not negotiating or not dictating to their children. On the other hand, Authoritarian parents are those who are greatly demanding from their children, without thinking about their efforts in order to meet the expectations of their parents.They value obedience, since they are also highly directive. The environments they proved to their children are more structured and well ordered.
This is also broken down into two aspects: non authoritarian directive and the authoritarian directive. Meanwhile, Authoritative types are both demanding and responsive, and they emphasize more on the standards that became a parenting standard. They are not into intrusion and restriction, and are more on the assertive side. They have disciplinary methods, but are more on the supportive aspect rather than giving punishment.
The goal of authoritative parenting style is to make their children assertive and socially responsible. There are also those who are Uninvolved. They are low in the aspect of demand and response. They have the tendency to turn into neglecting and rejecting, wherein the parents tend to be detrimental in the development of their children. According to Dinwiddie, parenting styles have been changed and reformatted to suit the demands of the twenty-first century. Authoritarian parents value obedience.
They basically command the child to do or not to do something.It is a form a dictatorship type of parenting, but on the positive end. The parents pour on the right or appropriate information into the child’s empty mind. Punishment is encouraged for those who are misbehaving or disobeying them.
According to her, authoritarian style doesn’t match the fast-paced, rapidly changing society which values choice, innovation and change. “Rebellion often results from strict punishment. Spanking, which models violence as a solution to problems, is contradictory in a society which claims to value peaceful solutions (Dinwiddie, 2005).When you exposed the child into a copy-the-expert type of parenting, when they grow up, they may tend to just copy the expert, which also includes bad influences and undesirable peers. Permissive parents in the context of Dinwiddie, encourages children to think for themselves. These parents just allow their children to learn from their mistakes, and the consequences of their deeds.
They don’t intervene, instead misbehavior is just ignored. According to her, the 1950’s and the 1960’s pose a time where guidance is readily available from adults and parents, that is why being permissive is not a problem.But in the present, according to Dinwiddie, “today's society is fast-paced with a multitude of adults playing into the child's life each week (Dinwiddie, 2005). ” Being passive in the old times doesn’t apply in the society we are living in today, especially when it comes to effective parenting styles. Parents should still be there to guide these young minds so that they will not be able to make the wrong move, which could be very detrimental to their early character formation.
Assertive-democratic parents set guidelines for their children: these guidelines are the guiding principle in the process of the children’s growth and development. These limits are not left questionable by clarifying them, explaining the need for setting them for the sake of the child. Children are allowed to make choices, but should be with the proper encouragement or help from their parents.According to her, “Assertive-democratic parenting is the most suitable for today’s society, an age where choice is constant and there is no longer just one right way because of today's fast-changing information (Dinwiddie, 2005). These children are able to take responsibility better than most of the parenting styles.
This proves to be a great deal of importance in the society we are living in today. These children play a big role in deciding how to deal with various cases. They should be able to conform to the ever-growing needs of the society; the fast-paced computer age that equips these children with the appropriate knowledge and understandings regarding certain things.Conclusion Parenting styles greatly affects a person’s character development, how they were able to inculcate in his minds the essential information he must know in order to be a better person in the society.
Because of this, it is crucial for the parents to know what they should do, how they would treat the situation of their child for his character development. Doing so, they are able to avert the possible development of an unruly character, of a negative outlook in his environment, and a negative perspective towards other people, thus leading to aggression.
