Evolution can be considered as one of the forces of nature in relation to the study of the longitudinal development of different species. There are different factors that can be of importance in the process of evolution which are observable through successive generations. In the study conducted which focused on the evolutionary traits of the peppered moth, Biston betularia dominance of the appearance in terms of colour is the main trait observable.
Based on the Theory of Evolution, natural selection is the main process wherein survival of the fittest can take place. The most adapted species then with the right trait to survive can be considered to have evolved based on the process. In the species of Biston betularia, the single species can express different coloration of the body on the basis of the dominance in the trait (Darwin, 2004). Basically, in a single population the 2 colours can be found, thus coinciding with the first postulate that variation can occur within a single population of species.
Any of the two types of coloration, namely white peppered and black peppered moth can occur with greater number within the population. The said event can be explained by the Hardy-Weinberg principle related alleles which are corresponding to traits (Rowland, 1992). In a population at time zero wherein both white and black moths have equal number of alleles or equal chance of survival, a synergy of natural selection due to either environment or genetic action from parent to offspring can cause a single colour to be more dominant and expressed in phynotypes.After a number of generations black peppered moth had been more dominant due to observed preying action of predators. This can be attributed to the fact that the said coloration trait can adapt well to the habitat which is also dark in colour. It is important to consider that the main habitat of the peppered moth is trees in the European region.
Due to the effects of the predators, a larger percentage of survival had been perceived.This can even be related to the third postulate wherein, reproduction can be considered with less hindrance if predator has lower effect. Conclusion Based on the study undertaken, the survival of the black peppered moth in the particular population can be considered based on the development of organ systems to be able to better adapt to the changes in the environment with the ultimate goal of reproduction of the next generation wherein evolution is realized.
