Circulatory System/Cardiovascular System: The circulatory system is an organ system that passes nutrients gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases, stabilize body temperature and pH, and to maintain homeostasis. It is made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels.
Integumentary System: The integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages(including hair, scales, feathers, and nails).The integumentary system has a variety of functions; it may serve to waterproof, cushion, and protect the deeper tissues, excrete wastes, and regulate temperature, and is the attachment site for sensory receptors to detect pain, sensation, pressure, and temperature. In most terrestrial vertebrates with significant exposure to sunlight, the integumentary system also provides for vitamin D synthesis. Respiratory System: The respiratory system is the anatomical system of an organism that introduces respiratory gases to the interior and performs gas exchange.In humans and other mammals, the anatomical features of the respiratory system include the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and diaphragm Endocrine System: The endocrine system is the system of glands, such as the hypothalamus, pituitary or pituitary gland, pineal body or pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroids and adrenals, i. e.
, adrenal glands, each of which secretes a type of hormone directly into the bloodstream to regulate the body. Hormones regulate various human functions, including metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, and mood.Muscular system: The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body.
The muscular system in vertebrates is controlled through the nervous system, although some muscles (such as the cardiac muscle) can be completely autonomous. Skeletal System: Your skeletal system is all of the bones in the body and the tissues such as tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connect them.Your teeth are also considered part of your skeletal system but they are not counted as bones. The main job of the skeleton is to provide support for our body. Without your skeleton your body would collapse into a heap.
Without bones you'd be just a puddle of skin and guts on the floor. Your skeleton also helps protect your internal organs and fragile body tissues. Nervous System: The nervous system is an organ system containing a network of specialized cells called neurons that coordinate the actions of an animal and transmit signals between different parts of its body.In most animals the nervous system consists of two parts, central and peripheral.
The central nervous system of vertebrates (such as humans) contains the brain, spinal cord, and retina. The peripheral nervous system consists of sensory neurons, clusters of neurons called ganglia, and nerves connecting them to each other and to the central nervous system. Digestive System: The digestive system is made up of the digestive tract—a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus—and other organs that help the body break down and absorb food.Organs that make up the digestive tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. Excretory System: The excretory system is a passive biological system that removes excess, unnecessary or dangerous materials from an organism, so as to help maintain homeostasis within the organism and prevent damage to the body. It is responsible for the elimination of the waste products of metabolism as well as other liquid and gaseous wastes.
The excretory system gets rid of waste called urine by means of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.Lymphatic System: The lymphatic system is a part of the circulatory system, comprising a network of conduits called lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph unidirectional toward the heart. The lymphatic organs play an important part in the immune system, having a considerable overlap with the lymphoid system. The system also includes all the structures dedicated to the circulation and production of lymphocytes, which includes the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive system.
Immune System: An immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease with the leukocytes, tonsils, adenoids, thymus and spleen. In order to function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. Reproductive System: The reproductive system or genital system is a system of organs within an organism which work together for the purpose of reproduction.Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are also important accessories to the reproductive system. The major organs of the reproductive system includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, testes, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and penis. Muscle Structure A lever is a rigid bar on which a given load is moved with supporting help from a fulcrum.
A fulcrum is a fixed-point on which lever can move in different ways or angles. The whole muscular system interacts in this kind of way with the skeletal system-hyperlink.Given a load the muscles pull the bone up or in any direction against the load. Your joints-hyperlink usually seems to be the fulcrum on which you move the lever or bone. For example, try lifting a book with your hand and putting your elbow on the table, you can move the book in any direction with the help of the joints in your elbow, and the book is lifted in any direction due to the muscles contractions.
The nervous system is divided into the •peripheral nervous system (PNS) the main function of the PNS is to connect the central nervous system (CNS) to the limbs and organs. central nervous system (CNS) The CNS (central nervous system) integrates the information that it receives from, and coordinates the activity of, all parts of the bodies of bilaterian animals PNF stretching (or proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) is one of the most effective forms of flexibility training for increasing range of motion (1,2). The skin has very important vital functions for keeping the physiological and biochemical conditions of the body in its optimum state.The most important functions of the skin are: 1. Regulates body temperature. 2.
Prevents loss of essential body fluids, and penetration of toxic substances. 3. Protection of the body from harmful effects of the sun and radiation. 4.
Excretes toxic substances with sweat. 5. Mechanical support. 6. Immunological function mediated by Langerhans cells. 7.
Sensory organ for touch, heat, cold, socio-sexual and emotional sensations. 8. Vitamin D synthesis from its precursors under the effect of sunlight and introversion of steroids.
