What was the major effect of foreign influence in Japan?
modernization during the Meiji restoration
What were the effects of Japan's victory in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-5)?
it showed Japan was an expanding imperialist power like the west, Japan increased her land empire on the Asian mainland, it proved an Asian nation could defeat a major European nation in war
Which nations did not fall under imperialist control?
Liberia, Siam, Ethiopia
What was the major result of the Spanish-American War?
the U.S. gained an overseas empire
What was the best colony in the world?
India
Why were the Pacific Islands necessary?
they served as naval bases/resupply ports
Why was Southeast Asia taken over?
for its raw materials
What was the U.S. sphere of influence?
Latin America
What did the Monroe Doctrine state?
the United States would not allow any further European interference in the western hemisphere
What are some examples of the Roosevelt Corollary?
the United States military intervention in Haiti 1915, Nicaragua 1909, and Mexico 1914-1916
What is an effect of imperialism that occurred in every location?
the growth of native nationalism
What was a major effect of imperialism?
the exploitation of native lands/people and the destruction of their culture
When was the Age of Imperialism?
1870-1914
What was the major cause of the "new imperialism?"
industrialism
What was the difference between direct and indirect rule?
indirect rule did not replace the local native rulers, but direct rule did
What was the result of African imperialism?
most of Africa was divided up by the Europeans, Africa has many problems today because of European interference, and it increased tensions between the imperialist powers
What was the method used by imperialist powers to make their colonies profitable?
export the colonies raw materials, encourage the growth of cash crops, build ports, railroads and roads (infrastructure) for export
Why was Britain able to gain control of the Indian subcontinent?
India was a divided land
What was the result of the Sepoy Mutiny (Rebellion)?
India became a British crown colony
What allowed the imperialist powers to gain control of China in the 1800's?
the weakening of the Manchu (Qing) Dynasty
What are the unequal treaties an example of?
China's inability to resist imperialist demands
Which nations had spheres of influence in China?
all except the U.S.
sphere of influence
areas in which foreign powers have been granted exclusive rights and privileges, such as trading rights and mining privileges
protectorate
a type of indirect rule in which the country keeps its own government, but it is guided by an imperialist power
imperialism
one country's domination of the political, economic, and social life of another country
dollar diplomacy
U.S. investment in Latin America was used to control events in those countries
Berlin Conference
where the European powers established the ground rules for dividing Africa among themselves
Fashoda Crisis
in Sudan; almost brought Britain and France to war
Scramble for Africa
the imperialist powers (Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Spain, Portugal, Belgium) established full colonial rule in Africa
White Man's Burden
the belief that Europeans had a moral responsibility to civilize primitive people
assimilation
the process by which a person or person acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a group
annex
to incorporate into an existing political unit, such as a city or country
indigenous
native to a region
indemnity
the payment for damages
Gandhi
leader of Indian independence movement in British India; led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world
Cecil Rhodes
influenced British policy in South Africa; founded diamond and gold mining companies; was head of the Cape Colony; helped extend British territory
King Mongkut
king of Thailand who helped prevent Thailand being placed under colonial rule; promoted Western learning and maintained friendly relations with major European powers
Emilio Aguinaldo
leader of a movement for independence in the Philippines
King Leopold II
king of Belgium; driving force behind the colonization of Central Africa
Mahdi
Mulsim cleric Muhammad Ahmad who launched a revolt that brought much of Sudan under his control
David Livingstone
European explorer who trekked through uncharted regions of Africa
Shaka
Zulu ruler who carved out their empire
