World History Imperialism

the takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation with with the intent of dominating the political, economic and social life of the people of that nation

England, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain, Holland and Italy

Britain

the British owned so much land that the sun was always shining on a part of British land

in egypt

having an empire was a symbol of greatness and they thought it made them superpower and bought national pride

where one race believes it is superior to others

you get money and money = power

"survival of the fittest" was applied to the social change

since africa was being colonized it was important that the European powers all get a piece in order to keep up with their enemies

colonization was done on religious grounds... bringing christianity to the heathen africans

free labor was available for the taking, labor that would provide goods and resources for colonial powers that operated on mercantilist policies

harvesting the vast natural resources for European good would provide a boost to the sagging economies of Europe as well as provide markets for manufactured goods

the maxim gun

the worlds first automatic machines gun

outdated weapons

a succesful business man and a major supporter of British expansion he was a speaker for imperialism

commissioned Henry Stanley to help him obtain land in the Congo and Stanley signed treaties with chiefs of the Congo river and the treaties gave King Leopold II control of those lands

No because he licensed companies to brutally exploited Africans by forcing them to collect sap from rubber plants causing at least 10 million people to die because of the abuses by King Leopold and the Belgian gov. took away his control

a disease in Africa carried by mosquitoes and the drug quinine was able to prevent Europeans from getting the disease

they had the steam engine, rivers, cables and steamships

it was held to lay down the rules for the division of Africa, any European country could claim land in Africa by telling other nations

no they didn't which wasn't fair

Liberia and Ethiopia

copper and tin were found in the Belgian Congo and gold and diamonds were found in South Africa

dutch settlers who gradually took Africans land and established large farms

the boers wanted to escape the british so many of them moved north

war between the British and Boers, the Boers tried to keep outsiders from coming and taking their gold and diamonds that they found, the British ended up burning Boer farms and imprisoning women and children

Britain won the war

two methods were created, indirect and direct control

relied on existing political rulers and local legislative councils would be created

french and europeans didn't believe in the Africans so they created paternalism when the Europeans provided needs for them but not rights

Europeans governed the Africans in a fatherly way, providing needs not rights

based on the idea that in time the local populations would adopt french culture and become like the french

Britain outlawed slave trade, and convinced other groups to help the British

the company had control of the palm-oil trade along the Nigeria river after the Berlin Conference

there were 250 groups but the 3 main groups were, Hausa-Fulani, the Yoruba, and the Igbo

they were muslim and had a strong central government

they were people of traditional religions and relied on local chiefs for control

it was believed that if this water was sprinkled on their bodies would turn the germans bullets into water

he was the emperor of Ethiopia and built up a large arsenal of modern weapons purchased from France and Russia

new diseases traditional authority figures were replaced men were forced to leave villages and find a way to support their families

local warfare was reduced lifespan increased railroads, dams and telephones were built in African Colonies

slaves would be traded

European countries wanted to colonize Africa but there were fights over land so the Berlin Conference was held

a war between Nigeria and Britain fighting for Nigeria's independence and Nigeria won and became one of Africa's most populated countries and was very rich

power is shared between state governments and central authority

temporary military rule

nigeria had a short lived democracy, and the military had over thrown the government leaving the Hausa, Fulani to take over

government opponents

due to colonial rule racial conflict was approaching in Africa, a small minority ruled a large black minority

complete separation of the races

blacks protested and formed the African National Congress to fight for their rights

organized boycotts and strikes to protest racist policies

Dutch South Africans

an ANC leader who was imprisoned by the government

South Africans new president and his goal was to transform South Africa and end its isolation, he legalized the ANC and released Nelson Mandela

The ANC was established and went on boycotts and strikes because the policy of apartheid was created and wasn't fair

led economic campaign against apartheid and he asked foreign nations not to do business with South Africa

a new democratic law was passed to guarantee equal rights for all citizens and it modeled the US bill of rights