US History since 1877-2

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Nativism, Restrictive Laws, Sacco and Venzetti, The Klan, Fundamentalism in religion, Scopes Trial, Prohibition, Women's suffrage

the belief that native-born Americans are superior to foreigners

Emergency Immigration Act, Immigration act of 1924

two men wrongly- accused of murder and robbery because they were radical anarchists immigrants, finally sentenced to death in 1927

New trend brought on by sentiments on immigration, not just against African Americans

Literal interpretation of the Bible, Billie Sunday

a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school. Debated by Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan

18th Amendment, movement started in the progressive era, difficult to enforce, repealed in 1933.

War time spirit sacrafice and need for grain, Hostility to German immigrants, fundamentalism in religion

Womens suffrage, Alice Paul- equal rights amendment, increase in women in workforce

Short hair, short skirts, new attitudes, popular by Hollywood

NAACP, enforcement of 14th & 15th amendments, anti-lynching laws, testing laws in court

a flowering of African American pride and, artistic creativity during the 1920's centered in the Harlem community of NYC. With poets like Langston Hughes

Followed great migration, originated from ragtime and blues, syncopated, Louis Armstrong,

African American leader durin the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Was deported to Jamaica in 1927.

Albert Eisenstein, Planck, Heisenberg

Margaret Meade, T.S Elliot, Gertrude Stein, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway

dadaism, atonal music, stream of consciousness

Airlines, Automobiles, Construction, Labor

post war demands for goods, pro business attitude of the government, effectiveness in production, availability of credit, new technologies and industries.

a factory owner famous for his Model T. He developed the assembly line, which quickened production in factories, as well as the Model T.

Reduce taxes, Reduce spending, Protective tariffs, Little regulation

Albert Fall accused of accepting bribes for access to government oil in Teapot Dome, Wyoming

Herbert Hoover (Republican), John Davis (Democrat). Hoover Wins

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speculation in the market: stock above market over confidence in the market, market saturation, unequal distribution of wealth, global trends, government politics

Glass Stegal Banking Act, Emergency relief Act, Reconstruction Finance Corporation

World War One Vets- wanted bonuses, marched on Washington DC,

Emergency loans to banks and life insurance companies.

Relief loans to the states, local construction

Group of WWI veterans who had been promised their bonuses for fighting in WWI/ they marched on Washington D.C. and camped out on the White House lawn/ Hoover commanded Douglas MacArthur with the army to get rid of them/ some were killed and others wounded

Recovery, Relief, Reform

Economy Act, Public Works Administration, AAA, CCC, NIRA, Social Security, Tennessee Valley Authority

Cutting salaries and benefits of government workers, Reorganizing of government agencies to save money

Plump Priming: putting money into economy to help it grow,

Reducing Agriculture Output, Paying farmers to reduce output, Plowing under fields,

Conservation Jobs for young unemployed men, housing provided in camps, required to send some of their pay home

Setting fair competition prices and codes, End unfair business practices, National laborer, Critics claimed reduced free competition

federal program of disability and retirement benefits that covers most working people

Independent Public Corporation to create dams in the Tennessee to generate electricity for rural areas, and control flooding.

Critic of new deal, share our wealth, guarantee certain incomes, pension for the ages

Critic of new deal, Radio show, National Union for Social Justice

Critic of new deal, Townsend recovery program, Pensions for the aged

Courts hard on the new deal, adding more federal judges, fear of presidential control

Disproportionate aid, Tenet farmers hurt in particular, fear of alienating south

Added to Misery of the 1930's for farmers, due to bad farming practices, and drought

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a policy of nonparticipating in international economic and political relations. because of fear of another war, fear that arms build up brought on WWI, thought US brought into WWI by Business & Alliances

Agreement signed in which nations agreed not to pose the threat of war against one another, self defense allowed, 62 signatures

US, Japan, France, Great Britain, Italy, Agree to tonnage limits, Ten year ban on new battleships, refrain from curter fortification in the pacific

Respecting Possessions in the pacific, US, GB, France, Japan

Respecting China and the open door policy

Act 1935 made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war, Act 1936 embargo with nations at war and it banned loans to the nations that were fighting, Act of 1937 no expiration date, and extended to cover civil wars. Also, U.S. ships prohibited from transporting any passengers or articles to belligerents, and U.S. citizens forbidden from traveling on ships of belligerent nations, private ships can come at own risk

civil war in Spain in which General Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government. US was neutral

Pearl harbor, German Invasion of Poland, Spanish Civil War

March 15, 1939 Hitler seized rest of Czechoslovakia; Britain promised help to Poland, Greece, and Romania if they were attacked, Suttenland, Munich Conference: Germany Invades Poland WWII starts.

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Roosevelt and Church hill, US and GB committed to ending Nazis Regime, agree on self determination and free trade

Selling, leasing and giving war materials and supplies to Allies: Getting goods if they came to US

Surprise attack to get US to stop or not be able to fight in the war. US declares war on Japan

This battle was the first win for America in the Pacific, and took over Japan's territory, June 1942, Stop at Australia

Turning point, halts Japan

allied forces land in Normandy, France to begin massive offensive against Germans in occupied territories of Europe

German attack, last ditch effort, December 1944, by 1945 allies fight into Germany

Debate over bomb, using bomb would eliminate deadly invasion, would demonstrate our power,

Women entering workforce

African Americans- Tuskegee airmen, more opportunities than before, integrated officer candidate schools: Native Americans- Served at a higher rate, Navajo code talkers

Interment, easy to Identify, fear of spies, moved from homes to deserted areas forced to sell goods and businesses

Publicizing rations and economy drives, rationalizing, and economy drives.

•Soviet takes control of Eastern European nations. •Communism gains in Western Europe, The Middle East, and Asia •Western powers fear Soviet expansion.

Secretary of State George Marshall, Europe was destroyed after the war, Giving aid to keep out of Communism

Greece and Turkey, resisting spread of Communism, had received British aid but British are no longer capable. Aiding those countries resisting subjection.

the political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control

Keeping communism from spreading.If communism not contained would spread throughout the world

Russia blocking access to west Berlin, getting supplies to a struggling west Berlin by plane

The principle of not backing down in a crisis, even if it meant taking the country to the brink of war. Policy of both the U.S. and U.S.S.R. during the Cold War.

Alliance of 12 nations, mutual defense, separation from past foreign policy, Warsaw pact is the eastern counterpart

Dewy (Republican)-Truman (Democrat) Truman and Wallace, Truman as desegregated government Jobs. Expectation Dewy to win but Truman Wins

Mao takes power- 1949, communism is now in China, fear of soviet connection

Policy made by National Security Council, conflict with USSR unavoidable, soviet aims ran counter to ours Supports increase in defense spending.

Baby boom, longer life expectancy, moving to suburbs, mass production of homes

general in command of U.S. forces in the Korean War, use nuclear weapons against China

North invades South- June 1950, World wide response-Afraid of apeasment, Considered

US forces too close to border with China

fear of the spread of Communism and Socialism, this fear started in thirties but was put off for war,

Group of people in the film industry who were jailed for refusing to answer congressional questions regarding Communist influence in Hollywood

Husband and wife tried/executed for treason under suspicion of communist influence and trading atomic bomb secrets with the Soviet Union during Manhattan project

A former State Department official who was accused of being a Communist spy and was convicted of perjury. The case was prosecuted by Richard Nixon.

US senator; claimed that their were Soviet spies and Communists within the government but had no evidence; discredited by the US senate

a series of hearings where Senator McCarthy accused people in the US military of being communists

established in 1938 to investigate disloyalty in the US

Same as New Deal, just a name change Reforms in education, health care and civil rights Declined to run in 1952 - too worn out from fighting with Congress

Eisenhower- war hero, wants out of korea: Stevenson- democrat, lost easily

Pent up demand for products, Credit, Government benefits, Consumer culture- teenagers

the rapid population increase that took place bewteen 1945 and 1960

Youth and rebellion, Rock and Roll- Elvis, Buddy holly

1954-Oliver Brown sued against school segregation. Court decision that declared state laws segregating schools to be unconstitutional. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Nine african american students who first integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957. Government refused to integrate, Eisenhower forced to use troops to desegregate the schools

1956, Opposition of Southern congressmen to Brown v. Board of Education decision

Refused to give up her seat to a white passenger. After she was jailed, the Montgomery bus boycott was organized.

protest in 1955-1956 by African Americans against racial segregation in bus system of Montgomery, Alabama.

Reduce government role in economy, what is good for business is good for economy, cut federal farm subsidies, ended wage and price controls, continuation of new deal programs.

The place that the final battle took place that forced the French out of Vietnam

Egypt wants British out of the canal, US agrees and doesn't want Egypt to have any communist influence after it controls the canal.

The world's first space satellite. This meant the Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the US.

replaced a dictator, but soon started nationalizing land, eventually communist.

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Kennedy(democrat), Nixon(republican) First Television debate

Favors civil rights, but also Non-Violence Expansion of the civil rights movement

Challenging segregation in the South by simply riding on busses and trains in segregated sections They were violently thrown off

Peaceful protests, broken up by water hoses Violence shown on national television

March in 1963 to Washington to support a new Civil Rights movement "I have a Dream Speech"

U.S aided invasion of Cuba by anti-Castro Forces Failure Assumed that the rest of the Cubans would join, but they wouldn't U.S and USSR come to talks/tensions Berlin Wall as a result

Question of nuclear weapons in Cuba On the Brink of Nuclear Disaster

November 23, 1963; Lee Harvey Oswald; Dallas, Texas; During a Parade

Medicare and Medicaid Health insurance and medical grants to help the elderly , disabled, and Higher Education Act Scholarships/loans for college age students Immigration Act Getting ride of quotas by country Higher Education Act Safety standards for highway manufacturing and design

Prohibits racial segregation in public facilities Outlawed standing racial discrimination in voter registration and hiring practices

More radical than Martin Luther King Jr. Nation of Islam

Two U.S Ships attacked Claimed it was unprovoked Used It to get power to repel any armed attack on the U.S

a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities in early 1968.

had a significant amount of protest activity. For eight days, protesters and police battled for control of the streets of Chicago, whilst the Democratic Party met at the convention. Hubert Humphrey won the nomination

Nixon- Republican Candidate, Humphrey- Democrat Candidate, Wallace- American Independent, Nixon Wins Easily